Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 26, 2026

Using a Pan-Viral Microarray Assay Virochip to Screen Clinical Samples for Viral Pathogens
13:45

Using a Pan-Viral Microarray Assay Virochip to Screen Clinical Samples for Viral Pathogens

Published on: April 27, 2011

19.6K

Migration and HIV Risk Among Men Who Have Sex With Men, San Francisco, 2011

T T Lama1, M Sudhinaraset2, W McFarland

  • 1Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.

AIDS Education and Prevention : Official Publication of the International Society for AIDS Education
|November 24, 2015
PubMed

Insights

Nativity did not impact HIV risk for men who have sex with men (MSM) in San Francisco. However, longer residency in the city correlated with higher HIV prevalence, regardless of birthplace.

Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology
  • Infectious Disease

Background:

  • Men who have sex with men (MSM) represent a significant majority of HIV infections in San Francisco.
  • Previous research suggests migrating MSM may face elevated HIV risks, but empirical evidence is limited.
  • Understanding factors influencing HIV prevalence among MSM is crucial for targeted prevention strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between nativity (U.S.-born vs. foreign-born) and HIV prevalence among MSM in San Francisco.
  • To examine the relationship between nativity, HIV risk behaviors, and healthcare service utilization.
  • To determine if duration of residence in San Francisco influences HIV prevalence.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of data from the National HIV Behavioral Surveillance System (NHBS) collected in San Francisco in 2011.
  • Inclusion of 510 men who have sex with men (MSM) in the study cohort.
  • Multivariable logistic regression models were used to adjust for demographic and socioeconomic factors.

Main Results:

  • Overall HIV prevalence among the surveyed MSM was 23.0%.
  • Nativity (U.S.-born or foreign-born) was not significantly associated with HIV prevalence.
  • MSM residing in San Francisco for over five years exhibited higher HIV prevalence compared to recent arrivals (less than one year), even after adjusting for covariates.

Conclusions:

  • In San Francisco, the risk of HIV infection among men who have sex with men (MSM) is not linked to birthplace.
  • Prolonged residence in San Francisco is associated with increased HIV prevalence among MSM.
  • Further research is needed to understand the specific factors contributing to higher HIV prevalence in long-term MSM residents.

More Related Videos

miRNA Expression Analyses in Prostate Cancer Clinical Tissues11:29

miRNA Expression Analyses in Prostate Cancer Clinical Tissues

Published on: September 8, 2015

11.3K
A Modified Trier Social Stress Test for Vulnerable Mexican American Adolescents06:15

A Modified Trier Social Stress Test for Vulnerable Mexican American Adolescents

Published on: July 10, 2017

14.0K

Related Concept Videos

Migration00:53

Migration

Migration is long-range, seasonal movement from one region or habitat to another. This common strategy, carried out by many different organisms around the world, is an adaptive response that typically corresponds to changes in an organism’s environment, like resource availability or climate. Migrations can involve huge groups of thousands of animals as well as single individuals traveling alone and can range from thousands of kilometers to just a few hundred meters.
Factors Affecting the Risk of Infection01:26

Factors Affecting the Risk of Infection

The hosts' susceptibility to infection depends on several factors. The integrity of the skin and mucous membranes helps protect the body against microbial attacks. When the skin is altered, the chance of infection, limb loss, and even death increases.
The integrity and count of the white blood cells help the body resist pathogens and fight infection. When impaired, it reduces the body's resistance to pathogens. The acidic pH levels of the gastrointestinal, genitourinary tracts, and skin create...
Infertility in Males01:23

Infertility in Males

Male infertility affects millions of couples worldwide, arising from various factors that impact different stages of the reproductive process. An endocrine imbalance resulting from conditions like hypogonadism, Klinefelter syndrome, or pituitary disorders can disrupt hormone levels and reduce sperm production. Testicular defects, such as tumors, cryptorchidism, atrophic testes, abnormal sperm morphology, and low sperm count or motility, may arise due to genetic factors, structural...
Sexually Transmitted Infections01:26

Sexually Transmitted Infections

Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are diseases transmitted primarily through unsafe sexual interactions. Bacteria, viruses, or parasites cause them and can result in severe health complications if untreated.ChlamydiaThe bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis is responsible for the disease Chlamydia, the most common STI in the United States. This peculiar pathogen requires human cells to reproduce, residing intracellularly. The initial infection often goes unnoticed because it typically does not...
Cryptococcal Meningitis01:27

Cryptococcal Meningitis

Cryptococcal meningitis is a life-threatening opportunistic infection predominantly associated with HIV/AIDS, accounting for over 100,000 deaths annually worldwide. However, it also affects individuals with other forms of immunosuppression, including those undergoing immunosuppressive therapy, organ transplant recipients, patients with innate immunodeficiencies, and individuals with hematological disorders. The infection is caused mainly by Cryptococcus neoformans and Cryptococcus gattii,...
Amebiasis01:28

Amebiasis

Entamoeba histolytica, a protozoan parasite, is responsible for intestinal and extraintestinal amebiasis. Though a significant proportion of infections remain asymptomatic, approximately 50 million individuals annually are estimated to present with clinical disease, resulting in up to 100,000 deaths globally. The disease burden is disproportionately high in regions with lower socioeconomic status, such as parts of India, Africa, Mexico, and Latin America.Etiology and TransmissionThe infective...