Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Time and frequency -Domain Interpretation of Phase-lead Control01:24

Time and frequency -Domain Interpretation of Phase-lead Control

515
Phase-lead controllers are commonly used in various control systems to enhance response speed and stability. Adjusting the brightness on a television screen offers a practical example of phase-lead control. When contrast is enhanced, a phase-lead controller is employed. Mathematically, phase-lead control is identified when the first parameter is smaller than the second.
The design of phase-lead control involves the strategic placement of poles and zeros to balance steady-state error and system...
515
Time and frequency -Domain Interpretation of PI Control01:27

Time and frequency -Domain Interpretation of PI Control

475
Proportional-Integral (PI) controllers are essential in many control systems to improve stability and performance. They are commonly used in everyday devices like thermostats to enhance system damping and reduce steady-state error. When the zero in the controller's transfer function is optimally placed, the system benefits significantly in terms of stability and accuracy.
Acting as a low-pass filter, the PI controller slows the system's response and extends settling times. This requires...
475
Time and frequency -Domain Interpretation of Phase-lag Control01:21

Time and frequency -Domain Interpretation of Phase-lag Control

443
Phase-lag controllers are widely used in control systems to improve stability and reduce steady-state errors. A dimmer switch controlling the brightness of a light bulb serves as a practical example of phase-lag control, gradually adjusting the bulb's brightness. Mathematically, phase-lag control or low-pass filtering is represented when the factor 'a' is less than 1.
Phase-lag controllers do not place a pole at zero, but instead influence the steady-state error by amplifying any...
443
Errors in Global Positioning System01:26

Errors in Global Positioning System

409
Global Positioning System (GPS) technology has revolutionized navigation and positioning, but its accuracy is often compromised by various errors. These errors, stemming from environmental, satellite, and receiver-related factors, require careful mitigation to ensure reliable performance across applications.Atmospheric ErrorsGPS signals travel through the Earth’s ionosphere and troposphere, introducing delays which affect accuracy. The ionosphere is strongly influenced by charged particles,...
409
Load-frequency control01:28

Load-frequency control

785
Load-frequency control (LFC) is vital for maintaining power system stability, ensuring that frequency and power flows remain within acceptable limits during load changes. Turbine-governor control eliminates rotor accelerations and decelerations following load changes. However, a steady-state frequency error persists when the change in the turbine-governor reference setting is zero. In an interconnected power system, each area agrees to export or import a scheduled amount of power through...
785
Gain01:15

Gain

589
Gain and phase shift are properties of linear circuits that describe the effect a circuit has on a sinusoidal input voltage or current. The circuit's behavior that contains reactive elements will depend on the frequency of the input sinusoid. As a result, it is observed that the gain and phase shift will all be frequency functions.
Gain:
Suppose Vin is the input and Vout is the output signal to a circuit.
589

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Improved Multi-GNSS PPP Software for Upgrading the DEMETRA Project Time Monitoring Service.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)·2019
Same author

Design, Implementation and Validation of a GNSS Measurement Exclusion and Weighting Function with a Dual Polarized Antenna.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)·2018
Same author

BeiDou Time Transfer With the Standard CGGTTS.

IEEE transactions on ultrasonics, ferroelectrics, and frequency control·2016
Same author

Calibration of Galileo signals for time metrology.

IEEE transactions on ultrasonics, ferroelectrics, and frequency control·2014
Same author

On the potential of Galileo E5 for time transfer.

IEEE transactions on ultrasonics, ferroelectrics, and frequency control·2013

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 29, 2026

Continuous-Wave Propagation Channel-Sounding Measurement System - Testing, Verification, and Measurements
09:36

Continuous-Wave Propagation Channel-Sounding Measurement System - Testing, Verification, and Measurements

Published on: June 25, 2021

3.6K

Code-Phase Clock Bias and Frequency Offset in PPP Clock Solutions.

Pascale Defraigne, Jean-Marie Sleewaegen

    IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics, and Frequency Control
    |November 24, 2015
    PubMed
    Summary

    Precise Point Positioning (PPP) time transfer reveals frequency differences between code and carrier-phase clock solutions due to receiver hardware biases. Investigating code-phase bias impacts PPP accuracy and modeling.

    More Related Videos

    A Photonic System for Generating Unconditional Polarization-Entangled Photons Based on Multiple Quantum Interference
    07:56

    A Photonic System for Generating Unconditional Polarization-Entangled Photons Based on Multiple Quantum Interference

    Published on: September 5, 2019

    9.1K
    Preparing an Isotopically Pure 229Th Ion Beam for Studies of 229mTh
    10:42

    Preparing an Isotopically Pure 229Th Ion Beam for Studies of 229mTh

    Published on: May 3, 2019

    7.4K

    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: Mar 29, 2026

    Continuous-Wave Propagation Channel-Sounding Measurement System - Testing, Verification, and Measurements
    09:36

    Continuous-Wave Propagation Channel-Sounding Measurement System - Testing, Verification, and Measurements

    Published on: June 25, 2021

    3.6K
    A Photonic System for Generating Unconditional Polarization-Entangled Photons Based on Multiple Quantum Interference
    07:56

    A Photonic System for Generating Unconditional Polarization-Entangled Photons Based on Multiple Quantum Interference

    Published on: September 5, 2019

    9.1K
    Preparing an Isotopically Pure 229Th Ion Beam for Studies of 229mTh
    10:42

    Preparing an Isotopically Pure 229Th Ion Beam for Studies of 229mTh

    Published on: May 3, 2019

    7.4K

    Area of Science:

    • Geodesy
    • Metrology
    • Satellite Navigation

    Background:

    • Precise Point Positioning (PPP) is a crucial technique for high-accuracy time and frequency transfer.
    • It enables atomic clock comparisons with picosecond precision and sub-1e-15 stability.
    • Observed discrepancies exist between clock solutions derived from code and carrier-phase measurements in some receivers.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the cause of frequency differences in PPP clock solutions.
    • To explain how receiver code-phase bias impacts time and frequency transfer.
    • To assess the feasibility of modeling and mitigating code-phase bias in PPP.

    Main Methods:

    • Analysis of clock solutions derived from both code and carrier-phase measurements in PPP.
    • Quantification of the impact of code-phase bias on PPP performance.
    • Investigation into the determination of code-phase bias within PPP models.

    Main Results:

    • A code-phase bias in receiver hardware can induce frequency differences between code and carrier-phase clock solutions.
    • The impact of this bias on PPP time and frequency transfer has been quantified.
    • Attempts to determine code-phase bias in PPP modeling were found to be inappropriate due to high code noise.

    Conclusions:

    • Receiver code-phase bias is a significant factor affecting PPP accuracy for time and frequency transfer.
    • Current PPP modeling approaches are insufficient for accurately determining this bias.
    • Further research is needed to address code noise and improve bias estimation.