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Related Concept Videos

Chronic Bowel Disorders: Introduction01:17

Chronic Bowel Disorders: Introduction

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Chronic bowel diseases are a group of long-term conditions affecting the digestive tract, characterized by inflammation and damage to the gut lining. These conditions primarily include irritable bowel syndrome and inflammatory bowel disease.
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is a common disorder affecting the gastrointestinal tract. The distinctive feature is recurrent abdominal pain associated with altered bowel movements, manifesting as constipation, diarrhea, or fluctuating between both. The...
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Chronic Pancreatitis II: Collaborative Care01:29

Chronic Pancreatitis II: Collaborative Care

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The management of chronic pancreatitis is multifaceted, involving a comprehensive approach that includes thorough assessment, diagnostic testing, and a variety of management strategies.
Assessment:
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Chronic Pancreatitis I: Introduction01:24

Chronic Pancreatitis I: Introduction

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The pancreas, an elongated and flat gland situated behind the stomach, serves a vital function in digesting food and managing blood sugar levels.
Pancreatitis is the inflammation of the pancreas, which occurs when the immune system becomes active and causes swelling, pain, and disruptions in organ function. Pancreatitis can manifest as either an acute or chronic condition.
Acute pancreatitis arises suddenly and lasts for a brief duration, while chronic pancreatitis is a long-term affliction...
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Diseases of the Liver and Gallbladder01:26

Diseases of the Liver and Gallbladder

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Liver and gallbladder diseases are a significant health concern, with prominent conditions including cirrhosis, hepatitis, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and gallstones. Jaundice is a common manifestation of liver and biliary disease.
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Acute Pancreatitis II: Clinical Manifestations and Management01:30

Acute Pancreatitis II: Clinical Manifestations and Management

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Acute pancreatitis presents a complex medical emergency characterized by rapid onset inflammation of the pancreas, demanding timely diagnosis and management to prevent complications. The condition primarily manifests through severe upper abdominal pain that often radiates to the back. This pain intensifies following the consumption of fatty foods. Accompanying symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, abdominal distention, fever, dyspnea, cyanosis, and jaundice can vary in intensity but significantly...
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In clinical practice, the direct measurement of hepatic blood flow to evaluate liver function presents significant challenges due to the intricate and specialized nature of the necessary techniques. Consequently, healthcare professionals often rely on empirical estimates derived from thorough patient examinations and liver function tests to gauge liver health. Among the tools at their disposal, the Child–Pugh and MELD scoring systems stand out for their ability to categorize and assess...
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[KYOTO CONSENSUS - THE NEW ETIOLOGICAL CLASSIFICATION OF CHRONIC GASTRITIS AND ITS DISCUSSION].

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Gastroesophageal reflux disease: current views and prospects.

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Partial Bile Duct Ligation in the Mouse: A Controlled Model of Localized Obstructive Cholestasis
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[PRIMARY BILIARY LIVER CIRRHOSIS: MODERN CONCEPTS].

Ya S Tsimmerman

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    Primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) is an autoimmune liver disease. This review covers its causes, diagnosis, treatment, and liver transplant indications.

    Area of Science:

    • Hepatology
    • Autoimmune Diseases
    • Gastroenterology

    Context:

    • Primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) is a chronic liver disease of unknown etiology.
    • Understanding PBC pathogenesis is crucial for effective management.
    • Recent advancements provide new insights into PBC.

    Purpose:

    • To present modern data on primary biliary cirrhosis.
    • To detail the definition, prevalence, etiology, pathogenesis, and clinical picture of PBC.
    • To review diagnostic methods, treatment approaches, and transplantation indications for PBC.

    Summary:

    • This review synthesizes current knowledge on primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC), encompassing its definition, epidemiology, and etiological factors.
    • It elaborates on the complex pathogenesis, including autoimmune mechanisms, intrahepatic cholestasis, genetic predisposition, and environmental influences.

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  • The clinical presentation, complications, comorbidities, diagnostic strategies (laboratory, instrumental, morphological), medical treatments, and liver transplantation criteria are comprehensively discussed.

    • Impact:

    • Provides a comprehensive overview of primary biliary cirrhosis for clinicians and researchers.
    • Highlights the importance of early diagnosis and multidisciplinary management of PBC.
    • Informs current and future therapeutic strategies for primary biliary cirrhosis.