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Case Report: Viral Infectious Pancreatic Necrosis in Farmed Rainbow Trout from Mexico
Ortega S Cesar1, R Montes de Oca1, David Groman2
1a Centro de Investigación y Estudios Avanzados en Salud Animal, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México , Toluca , AP 4-56 , Mexico.
Abstract:
This case report provides pathologic and confirmatory diagnostic documentation of the first reported clinical epizootic of infectious pancreatic necrosis (IPN) in farmed rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss from central Mexico. Both the gross and microscopic pathology were consistent with IPN. A virus was isolated in cell culture with the cytopathic effect typical of the IPN virus (IPNV). Positive identification as IPNV was achieved by means of an IPNV-specific indirect fluorescent antibody test and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Further genotyping identified this isolate as the Buhl strain of IPNV, which is a member of the West Buxton (A1) serotype of aquatic birnavirus serogroup A.
Insights
This study documents the first infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (IPNV) outbreak in farmed rainbow trout in Mexico. Diagnostic tests confirmed the Buhl strain (A1 serotype) of IPNV, highlighting a significant fish health concern.
Area of Science:
- Aquatic animal pathology
- Virology
- Fish disease diagnostics
Background:
- Infectious pancreatic necrosis (IPN) is a serious viral disease affecting farmed fish globally.
- Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) aquaculture is economically important in Mexico.
- Previous reports of IPN in this region were lacking.
Purpose of the Study:
- To provide pathologic and diagnostic documentation of the first clinical epizootic of IPN in farmed rainbow trout in central Mexico.
- To identify and characterize the causative agent of the observed disease outbreak.
Main Methods:
- Gross and microscopic pathologic examination of affected fish.
- Virus isolation in cell culture.
- Identification of the isolated virus using indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT) and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).
- Genotyping of the infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (IPNV) isolate.
Main Results:
- Pathologic findings consistent with IPN were observed.
- A virus with cytopathic effects typical of IPNV was isolated.
- IPNV was confirmed using IFAT and RT-PCR.
- Genotyping identified the isolate as the Buhl strain, belonging to the West Buxton (A1) serotype of aquatic birnavirus serogroup A.
Conclusions:
- This report confirms the first clinical epizootic of IPN in farmed rainbow trout in central Mexico.
- The identified IPNV isolate belongs to the Buhl strain (A1 serotype), indicating the presence of this specific viral subtype in the region.
- This documentation is crucial for understanding and managing IPN in aquaculture in Mexico.
