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Blood pressure in children and adolescents: current insights

Empar Lurbe1, Julie R Ingelfinger

  • 1aPediatric Department, Consorcio Hospital General, University of Valencia, ValenciabCIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CB06/03), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, SpaincPediatric Nephrology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital for ChildrendHarvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.

Journal of Hypertension
|November 25, 2015
PubMed

Insights

Recent advances in childhood blood pressure (BP) data allow for better detection of hypertension and related cardiovascular risks. Enhanced monitoring and new markers help identify early signs of end-organ damage, improving pediatric cardiovascular health strategies.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Cardiology
  • Hypertension Research
  • Preventive Medicine

Background:

  • Childhood blood pressure (BP) data has significantly expanded over the past 40 years.
  • Current pediatric BP reference data aids clinicians in identifying normal ranges and levels requiring intervention.
  • Advances in measurement sensitivity allow for refined BP parameters and detection of subclinical end-organ damage.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent progress in childhood blood pressure (BP) research.
  • To highlight emerging findings ready for clinical integration.
  • To discuss strategies for reducing the impact of elevated BP on cardiovascular health in children.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of available pediatric reference BP data.
  • Review of advancements in BP measurement and marker sensitivity.
  • Synthesis of new information on early BP elevation, metabolic factors, and perinatal influences.

Main Results:

  • Increased availability of pediatric BP data aids clinical assessment.
  • New insights emphasize detecting prehypertension and understanding out-of-clinic BP.
  • Central BP measurements are increasingly important.
  • Early vascular changes, metabolic clustering, and perinatal programming are key factors in BP elevation.

Conclusions:

  • Progress in childhood BP research offers opportunities for clinical practice advancement.
  • Detecting early signs of elevated BP and associated factors is crucial for cardiovascular health.
  • New strategies informed by recent findings can better mitigate the impact of high blood pressure in children.

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