Human papillomavirus vaccination in HIV-infected women: need for increased coverage

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected women carry a significant burden on human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and associated diseases. As HIV-infected individuals are living longer, the prevalence of HPV infection is rising and HPV-associated cytological abnormalities remain high despite successful treatments of HIV infection. Several HPV vaccines are currently available and recommended for adolescents and adults up to age 26. The vaccines are safe, immunogenic and effective in preventing diseases due to HPV types included in the vaccines, particularly among persons without prior HPV exposure. This review summarizes available data on the use of the HPV vaccines among HIV-infected women. The immunogenicity and safety of the vaccines are highlighted and in particular, barriers to vaccination among HIV-infected women are discussed.