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A Free-breathing fMRI Method to Study Human Olfactory Function
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Hypnotic Olfactory Hallucinations.

Rochelle E Cox1, Robyn A Langdon1

  • 1a Macquarie University , Sydney , Australia.

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Summary
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This study used hypnotic suggestions to model olfactory hallucinations. High hypnotizable individuals reported smelling odors when none were present and experienced reduced intensity when odors were present.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychology
  • Sensory Perception

Background:

  • Olfactory hallucinations are disruptive and difficult to study due to their unpredictable nature.
  • Investigating olfactory hallucinations requires methods to reliably induce these experiences.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To model olfactory hallucinations using hypnotic suggestion.
  • To investigate the subjective experience of positive and negative olfactory hallucinations.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized hypnotic suggestions to induce olfactory hallucinations in participants.
  • Administered positive suggestions (smelling odors without a real odor) and negative suggestions (not smelling odors when present).
  • Assessed high hypnotizable individuals for reported odor intensity and recall.

Main Results:

  • High hypnotizable individuals reported intense smells following positive hallucination suggestions.
  • Participants receiving negative hallucination suggestions reported reduced odor intensity.
  • Hypnotic suggestions influenced participants' later recall of odor presentation frequency.

Conclusions:

  • Hypnotic suggestion can effectively model olfactory hallucinations.
  • Findings provide insights into reality monitoring and the distinctions between positive and negative hallucinations.