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Adolescent contraception: nonhormonal methods.

¹Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts.

Pediatric Clinics of North America

|June 1, 1989

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Barrier methods offer adolescents protection against pregnancy and STDs. Combining condoms with spermicides or using female condoms provides optimal protection, while other methods have specific suitability requirements.

Area of Science:

Reproductive Health
Adolescent Medicine
Contraception

Background:

Adolescents require effective contraception for pregnancy and STD prevention.
Current contraceptive methods have varying levels of efficacy, acceptability, and accessibility for this demographic.

Purpose of the Study:

To compare the advantages, disadvantages, and costs of various contraceptive methods for adolescents.
To identify optimal contraceptive strategies for adolescent populations.

Main Methods:

Review and comparison of barrier methods, hormonal methods, intrauterine devices (IUDs), periodic abstinence, and sterilization.
Analysis of method-specific protection against pregnancy and sexually transmitted diseases (STDs).

Main Results:

Keywords:

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome Adolescents Age Factors Americas Barrier Methods Cervical Cap Condom Contraception Contraceptive Agents Contraceptive Methods Contraceptive Methods Chosen Contraceptive Usage Demographic Factors Developed Countries Diseases Family Planning Hiv Infections Iud North America Northern America Oral Contraceptives Population Population Characteristics Spermicidal Contraceptive Agents Sterilization, Sexual United States Vaginal Barrier Methods Vaginal Diaphragm Vaginal Sponge Viral Diseases Youth

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Barrier methods, particularly condoms used with spermicides or female condoms, offer dual protection against pregnancy and STDs.
Diaphragms, cervical caps, and vaginal sponges are suitable for motivated adolescents, with sponges offering advantages over fitting requirements.
Vaginal spermicides alone are less effective; IUDs carry increased pelvic infection risk for adolescents; periodic abstinence and sterilization have limited applicability.

Conclusions:

Innovative approaches are needed to improve the availability and acceptability of contraceptive methods for adolescents.
Combination methods, such as condoms with spermicides, provide the most effective protection.
Method selection should consider adolescent education, motivation, and comfort with use.