Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Batteries and Fuel Cells03:12

Batteries and Fuel Cells

32.0K
A battery is a galvanic cell that is used as a source of electrical power for specific applications. Modern batteries exist in a multitude of forms to accommodate various applications, from tiny button batteries such as those that power wristwatches to the very large batteries used to supply backup energy to municipal power grids. Some batteries are designed for single-use applications and cannot be recharged (primary cells), while others are based on conveniently reversible cell reactions that...
32.0K
Electrochemical Cells01:28

Electrochemical Cells

157
Electrochemical cells are systems that convert chemical energy into electrical energy or use electrical energy to drive chemical reactions. They consist of two electrodes in contact with an electrolyte, where redox reactions enable electron transfer. Most electrochemical cells include two half-cells connected by an external wire for electron flow and a salt bridge for ion flow. The salt bridge contains an electrolyte solution and maintains charge neutrality by allowing ions—not...
157
Thermal and Photochemical Electrocyclic Reactions: Overview01:26

Thermal and Photochemical Electrocyclic Reactions: Overview

3.2K
Electrocyclic reactions are reversible reactions. They involve an intramolecular cyclization or ring-opening of a conjugated polyene. Shown below are two examples of electrocyclic reactions. In the first reaction, the formation of the cyclic product is favored. In contrast, in the second reaction, ring-opening is favored due to the high ring strain associated with cyclobutene formation.
3.2K
Voltaic/Galvanic Cells02:47

Voltaic/Galvanic Cells

68.3K
Spontaneous Chemical Reactions
Spontaneous redox reactions occur abundantly in nature. The chemical reaction occurring in a disposable AA battery powering our remote controls is one such example of a spontaneous redox reaction. Another example is the immersion of coiled copper wire into an aqueous silver nitrate solution. The reaction shows a gradual, visually impressive color change from colorless to bright blue and the formation of a grey precipitate on the copper wire. In this experiment,...
68.3K
Electrochemical Systems01:24

Electrochemical Systems

103
Electrochemical systems provide a fascinating insight into the dynamic interplay of charged species within various phases. One notable example is the interaction between a membrane permeable to K⁺ ions but not to Cl⁻ ions, separating an aqueous KCl solution from pure water. As K⁺ ions diffuse through the membrane, they generate net charges on each phase, leading to a potential difference between them.Similarly, when a piece of Zn is immersed in an aqueous ZnSO₄ solution,...
103
Electrochemistry: Overview01:04

Electrochemistry: Overview

4.2K
Electrochemistry is the branch of chemistry that studies the relationship between electrical quantities and chemical reactions, particularly oxidation and reduction. Oxidation is the loss of electrons from a substance, whereas reduction refers to the gain of electrons. A substance with a strong electron affinity is called an oxidizing agent (oxidant), and a reducing agent (reductant) is a species that donates electrons. Oxidation and reduction processes are pivotal to electrochemical reactions,...
4.2K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Shared and Unique Patterns of Dysregulated Dual Systems Between Adolescent Problematic Video Gaming and ADHD.

PsyCh journal·2026
Same author

Integrating genetic, epigenetic, and clinical signatures via machine learning for robust prediction of leflunomide response in rheumatoid arthritis: a multi-center validation study.

Frontiers in immunology·2026
Same author

Evolutionary diversification of the <i>STAYGREEN</i> gene family in <i>Nicotiana</i>.

Frontiers in plant science·2026
Same author

Adaptive Neural Reorganization Enables Real-Time Finger-Level Robotic Control in BCI-Naïve Stroke Survivors.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

Mechanism-based subtypes of problematic use of the internet and corresponding neurobehavioral characteristics among children and adolescents.

Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines·2026
Same author

The flavonoid astragalin induces apoptosis in lung adenocarcinoma and correlates with a prognostic cell cycle gene signature associated with PANoptosis.

Translational cancer research·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 29, 2026

Simple Methods for the Preparation of Non-noble Metal Bulk-electrodes for Electrocatalytic Applications
09:18

Simple Methods for the Preparation of Non-noble Metal Bulk-electrodes for Electrocatalytic Applications

Published on: June 21, 2017

12.1K

Carbon-based electrocatalysts for advanced energy conversion and storage.

Jintao Zhang1, Zhenhai Xia2, Liming Dai1

  • 1Center of Advanced Science and Engineering for Carbon (Case4Carbon), Department of Macromolecular Science and Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.

Science Advances
|November 25, 2015
PubMed
Summary

Carbon nanomaterials are efficient metal-free electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction (ORR) and oxygen evolution (OER) reactions. This review covers advances in carbon-based catalysts for fuel cells and metal-air batteries.

Keywords:
Carbon nanomaterialsfuel cellsmetal-air batteriesmetal-free electrocatalystsoxygen evolutionoxygen reduction

More Related Videos

Solar-Driven Electrochemical Green Fuel Production from CO2 and Water Using Ti3C2Tx MXene-Supported CuZn and NiCo Catalysts
10:15

Solar-Driven Electrochemical Green Fuel Production from CO2 and Water Using Ti3C2Tx MXene-Supported CuZn and NiCo Catalysts

Published on: November 7, 2025

1.3K
Synthesis and Performance Characterizations of Transition Metal Single Atom Catalyst for Electrochemical CO2 Reduction
10:57

Synthesis and Performance Characterizations of Transition Metal Single Atom Catalyst for Electrochemical CO2 Reduction

Published on: April 10, 2018

19.4K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 29, 2026

Simple Methods for the Preparation of Non-noble Metal Bulk-electrodes for Electrocatalytic Applications
09:18

Simple Methods for the Preparation of Non-noble Metal Bulk-electrodes for Electrocatalytic Applications

Published on: June 21, 2017

12.1K
Solar-Driven Electrochemical Green Fuel Production from CO2 and Water Using Ti3C2Tx MXene-Supported CuZn and NiCo Catalysts
10:15

Solar-Driven Electrochemical Green Fuel Production from CO2 and Water Using Ti3C2Tx MXene-Supported CuZn and NiCo Catalysts

Published on: November 7, 2025

1.3K
Synthesis and Performance Characterizations of Transition Metal Single Atom Catalyst for Electrochemical CO2 Reduction
10:57

Synthesis and Performance Characterizations of Transition Metal Single Atom Catalyst for Electrochemical CO2 Reduction

Published on: April 10, 2018

19.4K

Area of Science:

  • Electrochemistry
  • Materials Science
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) are critical for energy storage and conversion.
  • Carbon nanomaterials offer tunable electronic and surface properties for catalysis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To critically review recent advances in carbon-based metal-free electrocatalysts.
  • To discuss the potential and challenges of these catalysts in fuel cells and metal-air batteries.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on carbon nanomaterials as electrocatalysts.
  • Analysis of multidimensional nanoarchitectures (0D, 1D, 2D, 3D) of carbon materials.
  • Focus on metal-free catalysts for ORR and OER.

Main Results:

  • Various carbon nanomaterials demonstrate high efficiency as metal-free electrocatalysts.
  • Multidimensional nanoarchitectures enhance catalytic activity for ORR and OER.
  • Carbon-based catalysts show promise for fuel cells and metal-air batteries.

Conclusions:

  • Carbon-based metal-free catalysts are a significant area of research for energy applications.
  • Further development is needed to overcome challenges and realize practical applications.
  • This field holds practical significance for advancing energy conversion and storage technologies.