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Response thresholds in bacterial chemotaxis.

Pushkar P Lele1, Abhishek Shrivastava2, Thibault Roland2

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Researchers found that Escherichia coli flagellar motors respond to shallow chemoattractant ramps, challenging previous models. This response is explained by a new model combining motor remodeling and ultrasensitivity for high sensitivity.

Keywords:
bacteriaflagellar motormotilityswitch

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Biophysics
  • Systems Biology

Background:

  • Chemoattractant stimulation of Escherichia coli leads to changes in the CheY-P regulator.
  • Flagellar motors exhibit ultrasensitivity, impacting clockwise (CW) bias.
  • Previous studies suggested motor remodeling created plateaus in CW bias response to shallow ramps.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the response of Escherichia coli flagellar motors to shallow chemoattractant ramps.
  • To re-evaluate the role of motor remodeling in CW bias under specific stimulation conditions.
  • To develop a model explaining motor response dynamics over a wide dynamic range.

Main Methods:

  • Examining CW bias distributions in cell populations with varying mean CheY-P concentrations.
  • Repeating experiments on shallow ramp stimulation.
  • Developing and applying a quantitative model integrating motor remodeling and ultrasensitivity.

Main Results:

  • No plateaus in CW bias versus [CheY-P] were observed, contradicting earlier models.
  • Flagellar motors were found to respond to shallow chemoattractant ramps.
  • A new model accurately described motor responses, demonstrating high sensitivity across a broad dynamic range.

Conclusions:

  • The previously proposed motor remodeling model, predicting plateaus, is not supported by current data.
  • Escherichia coli flagellar motors exhibit a sensitive response to shallow chemoattractant ramps.
  • A combined model of ultrasensitivity and motor remodeling provides a more accurate description of flagellar motor behavior.