Permanent Maxillary Canine Agenesis: A Rare Case Report

Area of Science:

• Dentistry
• Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
• Genetics

Background:

• Congenitally missing teeth (CMT) represent a frequent dental anomaly, with mandibular second premolars and maxillary lateral incisors being the most commonly affected.
• Maxillary canine agenesis, particularly bilateral, is exceptionally rare, with reported prevalence ranging from 0.07% to 0.13%.

Observation:

• This paper presents a unique case of non-syndromic bilateral agenesis of permanent maxillary canines.
• The case also involved agenesis of both mandibular central incisors in a healthy 13-year-old Indian female.
• Notably, recent studies on the Indian population have not documented cases of maxillary canine agenesis.

Findings:

• The study highlights an extremely rare occurrence of combined bilateral maxillary canine and mandibular central incisor agenesis.
• This case contributes to the limited literature on the prevalence and presentation of such complex dental anomalies in specific ethnic groups.
• The patient was otherwise healthy, indicating a non-syndromic presentation.

Implications:

• This case underscores the importance of recognizing rare dental anomalies and their potential co-occurrence.
• Understanding the prevalence and etiology of congenital tooth agenesis is crucial for accurate diagnosis and treatment planning.
• Further research into genetic and environmental factors influencing canine agenesis is warranted to improve clinical management strategies.