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Stress on external hexagon and Morse taper implants submitted to immediate loading
Caroline H Odo1, Marcele J Pimentel2, Rafael L X Consani3
1MSc, Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Piracicaba Dental School, State University of Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil.
Journal of Oral Biology and Craniofacial Research
|November 26, 2015
Summary
Morse taper (MT) connections reduced stress more than external hexagon (EH) implants in immediate loading dental prosthetics. Prosthetic bar types did not significantly affect stress concentration around implants.
Area of Science:
- Dental Implantology
- Biomaterials Science
- Biomechanics
Background:
- Immediate loading protocols in dentistry aim to improve patient comfort and reduce treatment time.
- External hexagon (EH) and Morse taper (MT) implant connections are common designs with differing stress distribution characteristics.
- Prosthetic infrastructure techniques, including distal bar (DB), casting technique (CT), and laser welding (LW), can influence stress transfer in implant-supported restorations.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare stress distribution around EH and MT implants under immediate loading conditions.
- To evaluate the influence of different prosthetic systems (DB, CT, LW) on stress concentration.
- To utilize the photoelastic method for analyzing stress patterns in dental implant models.
Main Methods:
- Photoelastic models simulating an edentulous lower jaw with five implants were fabricated.
- Six experimental groups were established, varying implant connection type (EH vs. MT) and prosthetic infrastructure technique (DB, CT, LW).
- A cantilever load of 4.9 N was applied, and stress patterns were analyzed using Fringes software.
Main Results:
- Significant differences in stress distribution were observed between implant connection types (p < 0.0001).
- No significant differences in stress concentration were found among the different infrastructure techniques (DB, CT, LW).
- Morse taper connections generally exhibited lower stress levels compared to external hexagon connections, with an exception noted for the casting technique.
Conclusions:
- The implant connection type, particularly Morse taper, plays a more significant role in reducing stress levels than the prosthetic bar type in immediate loading scenarios.
- Immediate loading with different bar types did not significantly influence stress concentration around the implants.
- Findings suggest that MT connections may offer biomechanical advantages in managing stress in immediately loaded implant restorations.
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