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Effect of Frozen Human Epidermis Storage Duration and Cryoprotectant on Barrier Function Using Two Model Compounds.

Ana M Barbero1, H Frederick Frasch

  • 1Health Effects Laboratory, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, W.Va., USA.

Skin Pharmacology and Physiology
|November 26, 2015
PubMed
Summary

Frozen skin storage does not significantly alter its barrier properties for passive permeation studies. Glycerol also showed no significant cryoprotective effect, supporting the use of frozen skin in research.

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Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Materials Science
  • Dermatology

Background:

  • Human skin is frequently stored frozen for in vitro permeation experiments.
  • Previous research on the effects of frozen storage on skin barrier properties has yielded conflicting results.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine if frozen storage affects the barrier properties of human skin.
  • To evaluate the cryoprotective effect of glycerol during skin freezing.

Main Methods:

  • Measured steady-state flux and lag time of diethyl phthalate (DEP) through fresh and frozen human skin (-85°C for up to 18 months) with 10% glycerol.
  • Assessed the impact of glycerol by comparing DEP and caffeine permeation through skin stored with and without 10% glycerol for up to 12 months.

Main Results:

  • No significant differences in steady-state flux were observed between fresh and frozen skin samples (p = 0.6).
  • While lag time showed a significant difference among all groups (p = 0.002), comparisons with fresh skin were not significant.
  • Glycerol did not significantly affect steady-state flux or lag time for DEP or caffeine permeation (p ≥ 0.17).

Conclusions:

  • Frozen human skin maintains its barrier properties for passive chemical permeation studies.
  • Glycerol does not appear to offer a significant cryoprotective benefit for skin barrier function in this context.
  • Frozen skin is a viable alternative to fresh skin for in vitro permeation research when viability and metabolism are not primary concerns.