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Cell membrane and volume changes during red cell development and aging.

N Mohandas1, W Groner

  • 1Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San Francisco 94143-0128.

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
|January 1, 1989
PubMed
Summary
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Red blood cell development involves critical membrane and volume changes, driven by cytoskeletal remodeling. While aging involves surface area loss and immunoglobulin binding, the exact trigger for removing old red blood cells remains unknown.

Area of Science:

  • Hematology
  • Cell Biology
  • Membrane Biophysics

Background:

  • Red blood cells (RBCs) undergo significant transformations from precursor cells to mature circulating cells.
  • Cellular volume and membrane properties are crucial for RBC function and lifespan.
  • Understanding these changes is key to comprehending RBC development and aging.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize current knowledge on cell membrane and volume dynamics during red blood cell development and aging.
  • To elucidate the roles of cytoskeletal structures in red cell genesis and maturation.
  • To identify factors contributing to red cell aging and removal from circulation.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on red blood cell development and aging.
  • Analysis of the role of cytoskeletal components (microtubules, microfilaments) in cell morphology.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Examination of membrane skeleton remodeling during reticulocyte maturation.
  • Investigation of changes in cell volume, density, and surface properties during the RBC lifespan.
  • Main Results:

    • Cytoskeletal elements are vital for the transition from nucleated precursors to anucleate reticulocytes and their early development.
    • Reticulocyte maturation involves significant cell shape changes and membrane skeleton remodeling, yielding a stable, deformable mature red cell membrane.
    • Volume and density variations in circulating RBCs stem from membrane alterations during reticulocyte maturation.
    • Red cell aging is characterized by surface area reduction, decreased volume, and surface modifications facilitating immunoglobulin binding.

    Conclusions:

    • The development and maturation of red blood cells are intrinsically linked to dynamic changes in cell membrane and volume, orchestrated by the cytoskeleton.
    • While several changes accompany red cell aging, the precise cellular mechanism triggering the removal of senescent red blood cells from circulation requires further definition.
    • Further research is needed to pinpoint the definitive cellular modification responsible for senescent red blood cell clearance.