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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 29, 2026

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The Toolbox for Modified Aptamers.

Sergey A Lapa1, Alexander V Chudinov2, Edward N Timofeev2

  • 1Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia. lapa@biochip.ru.

Molecular Biotechnology
|November 27, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Modified aptamers offer enhanced binding affinity and stability for biological targets. This review highlights polymerases and nucleotide modifications enabling the selection of these advanced aptamers.

Keywords:
AptamerModificationMolecular evolutionNon-natural nucleoside triphosphatesNucleic acidsNucleotidesPCRPolymerasesPrimer extensionSELEX

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Molecular Biology
  • Biotechnology

Background:

  • Aptamers are nucleic acid-based molecules with high affinity for various biological targets.
  • Aptamer identification relies on SELEX (Systematic Evolution of Ligands by Exponential Enrichment).
  • Chemical modifications enhance aptamer diversity, affinity, and resistance to degradation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review enzymatic methods for selecting modified aptamers.
  • To highlight polymerases and non-natural nucleotides supporting SELEX.
  • To discuss nucleotide modifications and polymerase engineering for aptamer development.

Main Methods:

  • Review of literature on polymerase-based SELEX for modified aptamers.
  • Analysis of non-natural nucleotide substrates and their enzymatic incorporation.
  • Discussion of post-SELEX modification strategies.

Main Results:

  • Enzymatic synthesis and replication of non-natural nucleic acids are crucial for modified aptamer evolution.
  • Specific wild-type or mutant polymerases are essential for SELEX with modified nucleotides.
  • Optimizing nucleotide modifications and engineering polymerases are key research areas.

Conclusions:

  • Modified aptamers present significant advantages over traditional aptamers.
  • Advancements in polymerase and nucleotide engineering are critical for advancing aptamer technology.
  • SELEX with modified nucleic acids expands the potential applications of aptamers.