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Altered self-identity and autobiographical memory in epilepsy.

James Allebone1, Genevieve Rayner1, Benjamin Siveges1

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Epilepsy can alter self-identity, particularly in patients with mesial temporal (MT) lobe seizures. Early onset MT epilepsy is linked to reduced identity development and impaired autobiographical memory retrieval.

Keywords:
Autobiographical memoryEpisodic memoryIdentitySeizuresTemporal lobe epilepsy

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychology
  • Epilepsy Research

Background:

  • Chronic epilepsy is associated with altered self-identity.
  • The underlying mechanisms, particularly the role of autobiographical memory networks, are not fully understood.
  • Mesial temporal (MT) lobe neural networks are crucial for self-identity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate differences in self-identity and autobiographical memory in epilepsy patients.
  • To compare patients with MT foci versus non-mesial temporal (NMT) foci.
  • To examine the influence of early versus late age of seizure onset on these factors.

Main Methods:

  • 102 adults (51 healthy, 51 with drug-resistant focal seizures: 19 MT, 32 NMT) participated.
  • Ego Identity Process Questionnaire assessed identity development.
  • Autobiographical Memory Test evaluated memory function.

Main Results:

  • Epilepsy patients showed distinct self-identity profiles compared to controls.
  • Early onset MT epilepsy patients had the least identity development.
  • Poor autobiographical memory retrieval correlated with altered self-identity in MT patients (p < 0.001).

Conclusions:

  • Self-identity in epilepsy is influenced by seizure focus location and onset timing.
  • Early disruption of MT autobiographical memory networks may alter self-identity in chronic focal epilepsy.
  • Late-onset NMT epilepsy patients showed identity development similar to healthy controls.