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Growth factor genes as oncogenes.

I M Chiu1

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine, Ohio State University, Davis Medical Research Center, Columbus 43210.

Molecular and Chemical Neuropathology
|February 1, 1989
PubMed
Summary
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Oncogenic retroviruses utilize host-derived oncogenes, such as the c-sis proto-oncogene, to cause rapid neoplasia. Activation of growth factor genes is a key step in cancer development.

Area of Science:

  • * Molecular biology
  • * Oncology
  • * Virology

Background:

  • * Retroviruses are classified as chronic leukemia or acute transforming viruses based on their oncogenic potential and latency period.
  • * Acute transforming viruses acquire host-derived genetic elements, known as oncogenes, which are crucial for tumor formation.
  • * All retroviruses share a common evolutionary origin, evidenced by nucleotide sequence comparisons.

Purpose of the Study:

  • * To investigate the role of oncogenes derived from host genomes in retroviral oncogenesis.
  • * To explore the functional significance of specific oncogenes, particularly the c-sis proto-oncogene, in cellular transformation.
  • * To determine if the activation of growth factor genes contributes to the development of malignancy.

Main Methods:

Related Experiment Videos

  • * Nucleotide sequence comparison to establish retroviral evolutionary relationships.
  • * Analysis of genetic information substituted in acute transforming viruses.
  • * Expression studies of specific oncogenes (e.g., human c-sis) in recipient cells.

Main Results:

  • * Acute transforming viruses incorporate host oncogenes, unlike chronic leukemia viruses.
  • * The c-sis proto-oncogene was identified as the structural gene for the B-chain of platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF).
  • * High-level expression of human c-sis induced recipient cell transformation, a phenomenon also observed with other growth factors.

Conclusions:

  • * Oncogenes, derived from host genomes, are critical components of acute transforming viruses.
  • * The c-sis proto-oncogene's role in PDGF production and its ability to transform cells highlight the link between growth factors and cancer.
  • * Activation of growth factor genes is a potential mechanism driving in vivo malignancy.