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Related Experiment Videos

Current problems in cardiac transplantation.

C Cabrol1, I Gandjbakhch, A Pavie

  • 1Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Hôpital de la Pitié, Paris, France.

Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & Pharmacotherapie
|January 1, 1989
PubMed
Summary
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Orthotopic heart transplantation (OHT) has treated over 1100 patients since 1968, with a 7-year survival rate of 68% for Cyclosporine-treated individuals. Total artificial hearts (TAH) serve as a viable bridge to transplantation for severe cardiac failure.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Cardiac Surgery
  • Immunosuppression Therapy

Background:

  • Over 1130 patients have undergone evaluation for heart transplantation since 1968.
  • Idiopathic cardiomyopathy (74%) is the primary cause of myocardial damage, followed by ischemic heart disease (19%).
  • A total of 540 heart transplantations were performed, including orthotopic, heterotopic, and heart-lung procedures.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the outcomes of heart transplantation and the use of total artificial hearts (TAH) as a bridge to transplantation.
  • To analyze the causes of myocardial damage and complications associated with immunosuppressive therapy.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 1130 referred patients and 540 transplantations.
  • Evaluation of early post-operative course and long-term complications, including rejection and side effects of Cyclosporine (Cy).

Related Experiment Videos

  • Assessment of TAH (JARVIK 7) implantation in 34 patients awaiting transplantation.

    • Main Results:

    • The 7-year survival rate for Cyclosporine-treated patients was 68%, with survivors achieving normal social and professional lives.
    • Common complications included rejection (95%), infection (83%), and Cyclosporine-related side effects (hypertension, renal dysfunction, etc.).
    • TAH implantation showed no mechanical failures, with 13 patients successfully transplanted and 1 still on the device.

    Conclusions:

    • Heart transplantation is an established therapy for irreversible cardiac failure.
    • Total artificial hearts (TAH) are effective as a bridge to transplantation in selected patients.
    • Long-term survival and quality of life are achievable post-transplantation.