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Transglutaminase 2 in cancer
Lei Huang1, A-Man Xu2, Wei Liu3
1Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University Hefei, China ; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Liver Disease Research, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou, China ; Liver Transplantation Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou, China ; Research Centre for Biomedicine and Medical Technology Mannheim (CBTM), Medical Faculty of Mannheim, Heidelberg University Mannheim, Germany.
Transglutaminase 2 (TG2) significantly impacts cancer progression by promoting cell invasion, metastasis, and chemo-resistance. This enzyme is a potential prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target for various cancers.
Area of Science:
- Biochemistry
- Oncology
- Molecular Biology
Background:
- The tumor microenvironment critically influences malignant cells, especially in targeted therapy.
- Transglutaminase 2 (TG2) is a multi-functional enzyme involved in important pathophysiological functions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the correlation between TG2 and malignant behaviors.
- To provide rationale for novel anti-cancer therapeutic approaches targeting TG2.
Main Methods:
- Systematic electronic search of Medline, Scopus, and Web of Science databases (up to April 2015).
- Review of bibliographic references from retrieved articles.
Main Results:
- TG2 modulates extracellular matrix (ECM) structure and stability, influencing inflammation.
- TG2 regulates epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in malignant cells via multiple pathways.
- TG2 promotes cancer cell mobility, invasion, metastasis, and chemo-resistance.
Conclusions:
- TG2 plays vital roles in cancer progression.
- TG2 may serve as a prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target in various cancer types.
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