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Related Concept Videos

Peripheral Arterial Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Evaluation01:21

Peripheral Arterial Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Evaluation

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Clinical manifestationsPeripheral Arterial Disease (PAD) manifests through a range of symptoms, from the characteristic intermittent claudication to atypical presentations and severe complications in advanced stages. Intermittent claudication, a hallmark symptom of PAD, presents as exercise-induced muscle pain that typically resolves within minutes of rest. This pain is reproducible and stems from inadequate blood flow, leading to the accumulation of lactic acid produced during anaerobic...
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Assessment of the Abdomen III: Palpation01:23

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Palpation is a crucial tactile examination method for assessing abdominal organs and detecting conditions like tenderness, distention, masses, or fluid. It involves both light and deep palpation techniques, each serving specific diagnostic purposes. Light palpation helps identify tenderness and other surface-level indicators, while deep palpation locates and assess abdominal masses and organ boundaries. A skilled professional can gather valuable insights through palpation, including evaluating...
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Assessment of the Rectum and Anus01:25

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Evaluating the rectum and anus plays a crucial role in conducting a thorough physical examination of the gastrointestinal system. Although it may be uncomfortable and often embarrassing for the patient, it holds immense diagnostic value, particularly in detecting gastrointestinal diseases and abnormalities. This guide will explain how to perform this assessment using inspection and palpation methods.
Rectal Inspection
Begin by inspecting the perianal and anal areas for color, texture, rashes,...
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Blood and Nerve Supply to the Bones01:29

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Bones are dynamic organs that require a rich supply of oxygen and nutrients. Around 5% to 10% of the cardiac output supplies blood to the bones. A typical long bone has three main sources: the nutrient artery, the metaphyseal and epiphyseal arteries, and the periosteal arteries.
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 The nursing management of a patient with peripheral artery disease (PAD) begins with a thorough assessment of the patient’s health history and clinical manifestations.AssessmentHealth History: Evaluate the patient’s history of hypertension, hyperlipidemia, family history of cardiovascular issues, and lifestyle factors such as dietary patterns, smoking, and physical activity.Physical Examination:Assess the affected extremity for decreased or absent peripheral pulses,...
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Peptic Ulcer Disease III: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies01:28

Peptic Ulcer Disease III: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies

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Peptic ulcer disease (PUD) presents with diverse symptoms depending on the location and severity of the ulcer. Clinical manifestations of peptic ulcer include dull pain and a burning sensation in the mid-epigastric region.
Few clinical manifestations differentiate gastric ulcers from duodenal ulcers. Distinctions in the location, timing, and pain relief are crucial for healthcare providers in differentiating between gastric and duodenal ulcers during clinical assessments.
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Updated: Mar 29, 2026

A Protocol of Manual Tests to Measure Sensation and Pain in Humans
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Pain Examination and Diagnosis.

Catherine Curtin1

  • 1Department of Surgery, Palo Alto VA Health System, 770 Welch Road, Suite 400, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA.

Hand Clinics
|November 28, 2015
PubMed
Summary

Diagnosing difficult hand pain is crucial for recovery. This review covers examination and diagnostic tools to identify pathologic and neuropathic pain, enabling earlier treatment and improved patient outcomes in hand disorders.

Area of Science:

  • Orthopedic Surgery
  • Pain Management
  • Neurology

Background:

  • Hand pain presents a significant clinical challenge for healthcare providers.
  • Pathologic pain hindering recovery causes patient and provider dissatisfaction.
  • The root cause of common hand pain is frequently difficult to diagnose.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review examination and diagnostic tools for identifying pathologic and neuropathic pain in hand disorders.
  • To provide clinicians with tools for faster recognition of pain etiologies.
  • To facilitate earlier intervention and improve patient outcomes for hand pain.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on examination techniques for hand pain.
  • Analysis of diagnostic tools utilized in identifying neuropathic and pathologic pain.
Keywords:
Complex regional pain syndromeDiagnosisExaminationNeuromaNeuropathic painPain

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  • Synthesis of information to guide clinical decision-making.
  • Main Results:

    • Key examination findings indicative of specific pain types are discussed.
    • Valuable diagnostic modalities for differentiating pain origins are presented.
    • The article offers a structured approach to pain assessment in hand conditions.

    Conclusions:

    • Accurate diagnosis of hand pain is essential for effective treatment.
    • Utilizing appropriate examination and diagnostic tools aids in identifying pathologic and neuropathic pain.
    • Timely intervention based on correct diagnosis leads to better patient outcomes.