Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

IR Spectroscopy: Molecular Vibration Overview01:24

IR Spectroscopy: Molecular Vibration Overview

6.2K
When Infrared (IR) radiation passes through a covalently bonded molecule, the bonds transition from lower to higher vibrational levels. The fundamental vibrational motions that result in infrared absorption can be classified as stretching or bending vibrations.
Stretching vibrations are vibrational motions that occur along the bond line, changing the bond length or distance between two bonded atoms. They are further distinguished as symmetric or asymmetric. In symmetric stretching, the...
6.2K
IR Spectroscopy: Hooke's Law Approximation of Molecular Vibration01:16

IR Spectroscopy: Hooke's Law Approximation of Molecular Vibration

3.7K
A covalently bonded heteronuclear diatomic molecule can be modeled as two vibrating masses connected by a spring. The vibrational frequency of the bond can be expressed using an equation derived from Hooke's law, which describes how the force applied to stretch or compress a spring is proportional to the displacement of the spring. In this case, the atoms behave like masses, and the bond acts like a spring.
According to Hooke's law, the vibrational frequency is directly proportional to...
3.7K
Raman Spectroscopy Instrumentation: Overview01:26

Raman Spectroscopy Instrumentation: Overview

1.8K
A conventional Raman spectrophotometer includes a laser source, a sample holding system, a wavelength selector, and a detector.
The monochromatic laser source, typically using visible or near-infrared radiation, generates a highly focused beam of light. This light interacts with the molecules of the sample, scattering some of the light. Liquid and gaseous samples are usually tested in ordinary glass capillaries, while solids can be analyzed as powders packed in capillaries or as potassium...
1.8K
IR Spectrum Peak Splitting: Symmetric vs Asymmetric Vibrations01:08

IR Spectrum Peak Splitting: Symmetric vs Asymmetric Vibrations

2.2K
Identical bonds within a polyatomic group can stretch symmetrically (in-phase) or asymmetrically (out-of-phase). Similar to hydrogen bonding, these vibrations also influence the shape of the IR peak. Generally, asymmetric stretching frequencies are higher than symmetric stretching frequencies. For example, primary amines exhibit two distinct IR peaks between 3300–3500 cm−1 corresponding to the symmetric and asymmetric N-H stretching, while secondary amines exhibit a single...
2.2K
Raman Spectroscopy: Overview01:20

Raman Spectroscopy: Overview

2.5K
The underlying principle of Raman spectroscopy is based on the interaction between light and matter, specifically molecules' inelastic scattering of photons. When a monochromatic beam of light, typically from a laser source, interacts with a sample, most scattered light has the same frequency as the incident light. This is known as Rayleigh scattering.
However, a small fraction of the scattered light exhibits a frequency shift due to the exchange of energy between the incident photons and...
2.5K
Composition of Body Fluids01:29

Composition of Body Fluids

3.1K
Water functions as a solvent accommodating various solutes, which can be categorized under electrolytes and non-electrolytes. Non-electrolytes are usually held together by covalent bonds, restricting them from dissociating in solution, thereby leading to a lack of electrically charged components upon dissolving in water. They are predominantly organic molecules, such as glucose, creatinine, and urea. Electrolytes, on the other hand, are compounds that can break down into ions in water.
3.1K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Reply to: 'Bile VEGF in Malignant Biliary Stenosis: Promising Signal or Clinical Discriminator?'

Liver international : official journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver·2026
Same author

Breast Cancer Diagnosis and HER2+ Versus Triple Negative Discrimination by Infrared Spectral Histopathology.

Analytical chemistry·2026
Same author

Combined multi-omics and multi-spectral profiling of plasma extracellular vesicles reveals liquid biopsy biomarkers for glioma diagnosis.

Cell reports. Medicine·2026
Same author

A Multiomic Liquid Biopsy for the Earlier Detection of Colorectal Cancer.

Cancer prevention research (Philadelphia, Pa.)·2025
Same author

From Lab to Clinic: Artificial Intelligence with Spectroscopic Liquid Biopsies.

Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland)·2025
Same author

Colorectal cancer molecular profiling: Opportunities for early detection.

Clinical and translational medicine·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 29, 2026

An Analog Macroscopic Technique for Studying Molecular Hydrodynamic Processes in Dense Gases and Liquids
11:03

An Analog Macroscopic Technique for Studying Molecular Hydrodynamic Processes in Dense Gases and Liquids

Published on: December 4, 2017

9.1K

Developing and understanding biofluid vibrational spectroscopy: a critical review.

Matthew J Baker1, Shawn R Hussain, Lila Lovergne

  • 1WESTChem, Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Technology and Innovation Centre, University of Strathclyde, 99 George Street, Glasgow, G1 1RD, UK. matthew.baker@strath.ac.uk.

Chemical Society Reviews
|November 28, 2015
PubMed
Summary

Vibrational spectroscopy offers rapid, label-free analysis of biofluids for disease diagnosis. This review explores its potential in clinical settings for detecting various pathologies like cancer and infectious diseases.

More Related Videos

Mechanical Mapping of Spheroids Using Brillouin Spectroscopy
08:27

Mechanical Mapping of Spheroids Using Brillouin Spectroscopy

Published on: December 12, 2025

1.5K
Author Spotlight: Unveiling the Potential of VSFG Microscopy in Studying Mesoscopically Heterogeneous Self-Assembled Structures
08:49

Author Spotlight: Unveiling the Potential of VSFG Microscopy in Studying Mesoscopically Heterogeneous Self-Assembled Structures

Published on: December 1, 2023

2.2K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 29, 2026

An Analog Macroscopic Technique for Studying Molecular Hydrodynamic Processes in Dense Gases and Liquids
11:03

An Analog Macroscopic Technique for Studying Molecular Hydrodynamic Processes in Dense Gases and Liquids

Published on: December 4, 2017

9.1K
Mechanical Mapping of Spheroids Using Brillouin Spectroscopy
08:27

Mechanical Mapping of Spheroids Using Brillouin Spectroscopy

Published on: December 12, 2025

1.5K
Author Spotlight: Unveiling the Potential of VSFG Microscopy in Studying Mesoscopically Heterogeneous Self-Assembled Structures
08:49

Author Spotlight: Unveiling the Potential of VSFG Microscopy in Studying Mesoscopically Heterogeneous Self-Assembled Structures

Published on: December 1, 2023

2.2K

Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Spectroscopy
  • Clinical Diagnostics
  • Biofluid Analysis

Background:

  • Vibrational spectroscopy provides rapid, label-free, and objective analysis for clinical applications.
  • Biofluid analysis (blood, urine, bile, sputum) offers non-invasive diagnostic possibilities.
  • Ease of collection and patient acceptance make biofluids ideal diagnostic media.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advancements in biofluid spectroscopy for diagnosing various pathologies.
  • To highlight progress, challenges, and future potential of spectroscopic methods in clinical settings.
  • To consider the requirements and challenges for clinical translation of these technologies.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current research in vibrational spectroscopy of biofluids.
  • Analysis of spectroscopic markers and signatures for disease identification.
  • Discussion of clinical translation requirements and pitfalls.

Main Results:

  • Vibrational spectroscopy shows promise for rapid, non-invasive diagnosis of diseases like cancer and infections.
  • Specific spectral markers in biofluids can be used for disease detection.
  • Biofluid analysis via spectroscopy is a developing field with significant clinical potential.

Conclusions:

  • Biofluid vibrational spectroscopy is a rapidly advancing field with substantial potential for future clinical diagnostics.
  • Further research and development are needed to overcome challenges in clinical translation.
  • Spectroscopic methods offer a promising avenue for label-free, objective disease monitoring.