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The necessity-concerns framework predicts adherence to medication in multiple illness conditions: A meta-analysis
Holly Foot1, Adam La Caze1, Gina Gujral1
1School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.
Patient Education and Counseling
|November 29, 2015
Summary
Patient beliefs about medicine necessity and concerns significantly correlate with medication adherence. Understanding these beliefs is key to addressing non-adherence across various health conditions.
Area of Science:
- Pharmacology and Pharmacy
- Health Psychology
- Public Health
Background:
- Medication adherence is crucial for treatment efficacy.
- Patient beliefs about medicines, including perceived necessity and concerns, influence adherence behaviors.
- Understanding the relationship between these beliefs and adherence is vital for improving health outcomes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To conduct a meta-analysis examining the correlation between beliefs in medicine necessity, concerns, and the necessity-concerns differential with medication adherence.
- To investigate these correlations on a population level and across diverse medical conditions.
Main Methods:
- Systematic electronic literature search of major databases (Web of Science, EMBASE, PubMed, CINAHL).
- Inclusion of studies using the Beliefs about Medicines Questionnaire and any measure of medication adherence.
- Meta-analysis using a random-effects model to calculate overall effect sizes, with stratification by condition, adherence measure, and study design.
Main Results:
- Analysis of 94 studies revealed significant correlations: necessity (r=0.17), concerns (r=-0.18), and necessity-concerns differential (r=0.24).
- Effect sizes were generally small but comparable to other adherence predictors.
- The correlation for necessity beliefs was stronger in asthma compared to cardiovascular conditions.
Conclusions:
- Beliefs regarding medicine necessity, concerns, and their differential are significantly associated with medication adherence.
- These belief-based factors are important considerations for understanding and addressing medication non-adherence in clinical practice.
- The findings highlight the role of patient perspectives in adherence across a majority of studied conditions.
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