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The effects of ozone therapy on caspase pathways, TNF-α, and HIF-1α in diabetic nephropathy
Aydın Güçlü1, Haydar Ali Erken2, Gülten Erken2
1Department of Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, Ahi Evran University, Kırşehir, Turkey. aydinguclu@gmail.com.
Background:
Accelerated apoptosis plays a vital role in the development of diabetic vascular complications. Ozone may attenuate diabetic nephropathy by means of decreased apoptosis-related genes. The aim of our study was to investigate the effect of ozone therapy on streptozotocin-induced diabetic nephropathy in rats. Also the histopathological changes in diabetic kidney tissue with ozone treatment were evaluated.
Methods:
The rats were randomly divided into six groups (n = 7): control (C), ozone (O), diabetic (D), ozone-treated diabetic (DO), insulin-treated diabetic (DI), and ozone- and insulin-treated diabetic (DOI). D, DI, and DOI groups were induced by a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin. Ozone was given to the O, DO, and DOI groups. Group DI and DOI received subcutaneous (SC) insulin (3 IU). All animals received daily treatment for 6 weeks.
Results:
Expressions of caspase-1-3-9, HIF-1α, and TNF-α genes were significantly higher in D group compared to C group (p < 0.05 for all). Ozone treatment resulted in significant decrease in the expressions of these genes in diabetic kidney tissue compared to both C and D group (p < 0.05 for all). Caspase-1-3-9, HIF-1α, and TNF-α gene expressions were found to be lower in DOI group compared to C group (p < 0.05 for all). Also adding ozone treatment to insulin therapy resulted in more significantly decrease in the expressions of these genes in diabetic tissue compared to only insulin-treated diabetic group (p < 0.05 for all). Regarding histological changes, ozone treatment resulted in decrease in the renal corpuscular inflammation and normal kidney morphology was observed. Both insulin and ozone therapies apparently improved kidney histological findings with less degenerated tubules and less inflammation of renal corpuscle compared to D, DO, and DI groups.
Conclusion:
Ozone therapy decreases the expressions of apoptotic genes in diabetic kidney tissue and improves the histopathological changes.
Insights
Ozone therapy reduces apoptosis-related gene expression and improves kidney structure in diabetic nephropathy. This treatment offers a potential therapeutic strategy for managing diabetic kidney disease.
Area of Science:
- Nephrology
- Endocrinology
- Oxidative Medicine
Background:
- Accelerated apoptosis contributes to diabetic vascular complications.
- Ozone therapy may mitigate diabetic nephropathy by downregulating apoptosis-related genes.
- Diabetic nephropathy is a significant complication of diabetes mellitus.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the therapeutic effects of ozone therapy on streptozotocin-induced diabetic nephropathy in rats.
- To evaluate the impact of ozone treatment on histopathological changes in diabetic kidney tissue.
- To assess the combined effects of ozone and insulin therapy on diabetic nephropathy markers.
Main Methods:
- Rats were allocated into control, ozone, diabetic, ozone-treated diabetic, insulin-treated diabetic, and combined ozone-insulin treated groups.
- Diabetic nephropathy was induced using streptozotocin.
- Treatments, including ozone gas and subcutaneous insulin, were administered daily for six weeks.
Main Results:
- Ozone therapy significantly decreased the expression of caspase-1, -3, -9, HIF-1α, and TNF-α genes in diabetic kidney tissue.
- Combined ozone and insulin therapy showed a more significant reduction in these apoptotic genes compared to insulin alone.
- Histopathological examination revealed reduced renal corpuscular inflammation and improved kidney morphology with ozone treatment.
Conclusions:
- Ozone therapy effectively reduces the expression of apoptotic genes in diabetic kidney tissue.
- Ozone treatment significantly improves histopathological alterations associated with diabetic nephropathy.
- Ozone therapy, particularly in combination with insulin, presents a promising approach for managing diabetic kidney disease.
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