Hemodialysis Access in the Elderly: Outcomes among Patients Older than Seventy

Arteriovenous fistulae (AVF) are the preferred access for hemodialysis, however, there continues to be limited data guiding the surgical management of primary dialysis access creation in elderly end-stage renal disease patients.

This is an 8-year retrospective institutional study evaluating the operative and clinical characteristics of patients 70 years or above who underwent primary, first-ever, AVF or arteriovenous graft (AVG) creation.

There was no overall significant difference in AVF and AVG primary (P = 0.127) and secondary (P = 0.870) patency. AVG had higher graft loss secondary to infection (P = 0.0002) and thrombosis (P = 0.0213). Survival was less than 50% at 2 years for AVF and AVG patients. An equal number of AVF and AVG patients who died had functional access at the time of death (P = 1.0000) with more AVG patients using their graft (initiating dialysis) before death (P = 0.0118).

Elderly patient patency rates for AVF and AVG are satisfactory and support surgical access creation; however, overall 2-year survival is low. An equal number of AVF and AVG patients died with functioning surgical access, however, more AVG patients initiated dialysis and successfully used their access. Accordingly, special consideration needs to be given with regard to estimated timing until dialysis and predicted patient longevity. Delaying access creation until dialysis is needed and proceeding with AVG creation appears to be justified.