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Updated: Mar 29, 2026

Field-Based Thermal Physiology Assay: Cold Shock Recovery under Ambient Conditions
Published on: March 9, 2021
Medical Evaluation for Exposure Extremes: Cold
Jessie R Fudge1, Brad L Bennett2, Juris P Simanis3
1Activity, Sports and Exercise Medicine Department, Group Health Cooperative, Everett, Washington (Dr Fudge).
Abstract:
Risk of injury in cold environments is related to a combination of athlete preparedness, preexisting medical conditions, and the body's physiologic response to environmental factors, including ambient temperature, windchill, and wetness. The goal of this section is to decrease the risk of hypothermia, frostbite, and nonfreezing cold injuries as well as to prevent worsening of preexisting conditions in cold environments using a preparticipation screening history, examination, and counseling. Cold weather exercise can be done safely with education, proper preparation, and appropriate response to changing weather conditions.
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