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Neural Response During a Mechanically Assisted Spinal Manipulation in an Animal Model: A Pilot Study.

William R Reed1, Michael A K Liebschner2, Randall S Sozio3

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Journal of Novel Physiotherapy and Physical Rehabilitation
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PubMed
Summary

This study shows that recording muscle spindle responses during mechanically-assisted spinal manipulation (MA-SM) in a fixated animal spine is feasible. Short-duration MA-SM thrusts can immediately or prolongedly affect muscle spindle activity.

Keywords:
CatManual therapyMuscle spindleNeurons afferentNeurophysiologySpinal fixationSpinal manipulationZygapophyseal joint

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Manual Therapy
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Mechanoreceptor stimulation is a proposed mechanism for spinal manipulation's effectiveness.
  • Mechanically-assisted spinal manipulation (MA-SM) devices are increasingly used by manual therapists.
  • Understanding in vivo responses to MA-SM is crucial for optimizing therapeutic outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the feasibility of recording in vivo muscle spindle responses during MA-SM.
  • To investigate the effects of MA-SM on muscle spindle activity in an animal model with intervertebral fixation.

Main Methods:

  • Intervertebral fixation was surgically created in a cat spine.
  • Muscle spindle afferents were isolated, and recordings were made during MA-SM.
  • An instrumented Activator IV device delivered MA-SM thrusts to the L7 spinous process.

Main Results:

  • MA-SM thrusts (<5ms duration) elicited high-frequency muscle spindle discharge.
  • Post-MA-SM responses varied, including return to baseline, transient decrease, or prolonged decrease (>40s).
  • Peak force of MA-SM thrusts did not consistently correlate with the magnitude of muscle spindle response.

Conclusions:

  • Recording in vivo muscle spindle responses during MA-SM in a fixated animal model is feasible.
  • Short-duration MA-SM can induce immediate and/or prolonged changes in muscle spindle activity.
  • Further research should explore MA-SM dosage and magnitude to optimize clinical efficacy.