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Published on: March 26, 2020
RETINAL ASTROCYTIC HAMARTOMA: Optical Coherence Tomography Classification and Correlation With Tuberous Sclerosis
Francesco Pichi1, Domenico Massaro, Massimiliano Serafino
1*San Giuseppe Hospital, University Eye Clinic, Milan, Italy; †Centro de Cirugía Oftalmológica (CECOF), Caracas, Venezuela; ‡Department of Ophthalmology, Domingo Luciani Hospital, Caracas, Venezuela; §Ocular Oncology Service, Wills Eye Hospital, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; and ¶Eye Clinic, Sant'Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, Bologna, Italy.
Purpose:
To propose a classification of retinal astrocytic hamartoma based on spectral domain optical coherence tomography and correlate each class with systemic manifestations of tuberous sclerosis complex.
Methods:
Retrospective chart review conducted at four international referral medical retina centers. There were 43 consecutive patients with an established diagnosis of tuberous sclerosis complex based on presence of at least 2 major or 1 major and 2 minor features of the diagnostic criteria. Clinical and spectral domain optical coherence tomography features regarding retinal astrocytic hamartoma were documented.
Results:
The mean patient age at presentation was 16.2 years. The retinal astrocytic hamartoma was classified as Type I (n = 41), Type II (n = 25), Type III (n = 20), or Type IV (n = 12). Patients with Type II showed greater number of cutaneous fibrous plaques (odds ratio = 64.8; 92% confidence interval: 64.2-65; P < 0.001); those with Type III displayed higher incidence of subependymal giant-cell astrocytomas (odds ratio = 43.2; 95% confidence interval: 43.0-43.3; P < 0.001); and those with Type IV showed higher incidence of pulmonary lymphangiomyomatosis (odds ratio = 126; 95% confidence interval: 122-128; P < 0.001).
Conclusion:
Retinal astrocytic hamartoma can be classified into four morphologic groups, based on spectral domain optical coherence tomography. There are important systemic tuberous sclerosis complex correlations with each class.
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