Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Regioselectivity of Electrophilic Additions to Alkenes: Markovnikov's Rule02:17

Regioselectivity of Electrophilic Additions to Alkenes: Markovnikov's Rule

18.5K
If a set of reactants can yield multiple constitutional isomers, but one of the isomers is obtained as the major product, the reaction is said to be regioselective. In such reactions, bond formation or breaking is favored at one reaction site over others.
The hydrohalogenation of an unsymmetrical alkene can yield two haloalkane products, depending on which vinylic carbon takes up the halogen. However, one product usually predominates, where hydrogen adds to the vinylic carbon bearing the...
18.5K
Woodward–Hoffmann Selection Rules and Microscopic Reversibility01:34

Woodward–Hoffmann Selection Rules and Microscopic Reversibility

4.2K
Electrocyclic reactions, cycloadditions, and sigmatropic rearrangements are concerted pericyclic reactions that proceed via a cyclic transition state. These reactions are stereospecific and regioselective. The stereochemistry of the products depends on the symmetry characteristics of the interacting orbitals and the reaction conditions. Accordingly, pericyclic reactions are classified as either symmetry-allowed or symmetry-forbidden. Woodward and Hoffmann presented the selection criteria for...
4.2K
SN2 Reaction: Stereochemistry02:23

SN2 Reaction: Stereochemistry

13.0K
In an SN2 reaction, the nucleophilic attack on the substrate and departure of the leaving group occurs simultaneously through a transition state. As the nucleophile approaches the substrate from the back-side, the configuration of the substrate carbon changes from tetrahedral to trigonal bipyramidal and then back to tetrahedral, leading to an inversion in the configuration of the product.
If the substrate is an achiral molecule at the α-carbon, the inversion of configuration is not...
13.0K
Stereoisomerism02:52

Stereoisomerism

14.6K
Isomerism in Complexes
Isomers are different chemical species that have the same chemical formula.
Transition metal complexes often exist as geometric isomers, in which the same atoms are connected through the same types of bonds but with differences in their orientation in space. Coordination complexes with two different ligands in the cis and trans positions from a ligand of interest form isomers. For example, the octahedral [Co(NH3)4Cl2]+ ion has two isomers (Figure 1) In the cis...
14.6K
Stereoisomers02:32

Stereoisomers

19.5K
On the basis of mirror symmetry, stereoisomers of an organic molecule can be further classified into diastereomers and enantiomers. Diastereomers are stereoisomers that are not mirror images of each other. Substituted alkenes, such as the cis and trans isomers of 2-butene, are diastereomers, as these molecules exhibit different spatial orientations of their constituent atoms, are not mirror images of each other, and do not interconvert. Here, the interconversion is suppressed due to...
19.5K
SN1 Reaction: Stereochemistry02:15

SN1 Reaction: Stereochemistry

11.3K
This lesson provides an in-depth discussion of the stereochemical outcomes in an SN1 reaction.
In the first step of an SN1 reaction, the bond between the electrophilic carbon and the leaving group ionizes to generate the carbocation intermediate. The second step of the mechanism is the nucleophilic attack.
In the formed carbocation, the positively charged carbon is sp2 hybridized with a trigonal planar geometry. As all the three substituents lie on the same plane, a plane of symmetry for the...
11.3K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Probing Up-Conversion Electroluminescence of Decoupled Porphyrin Molecules in a Plasmonic Nanocavity.

ACS nano·2026
Same author

Orbital-resolved imaging of coherent femtosecond exciton dynamics in coupled molecules.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

Printable Conductive Hydrogels for Electrochemical Biosensing and Soft Bioelectronic Interfaces.

Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)·2026
Same author

Transmission Electron Microscopy Analysis of the Microstructure of Nanocrystalline Small-Molecule Semiconductors in Functional Organic Thin-Film Transistors.

ACS applied materials & interfaces·2026
Same author

Data from the Swiss National Arthroplasty Registry SIRIS suggest that unicompartmental knee arthroplasty is associated with a lower risk of periprosthetic joint infection than total knee arthroplasty.

Archives of orthopaedic and trauma surgery·2026
Same author

Gentamicin fails to eradicate <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> biofilm in vitro, even in combination with rifampin.

Journal of bone and joint infection·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 29, 2026

Light-driven Molecular Motors on Surfaces for Single Molecular Imaging
08:40

Light-driven Molecular Motors on Surfaces for Single Molecular Imaging

Published on: March 13, 2019

12.2K

Remotely Controlled Isomer Selective Molecular Switching.

Verena Schendel1, Bogdana Borca1, Ivan Pentegov1

  • 1Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Stuttgart, Germany.

Nano Letters
|December 1, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study demonstrates nonlocal control of molecular switches using hot carriers on a Cu(111) surface. This method enables long-range, reversible switching of anthradithiophene molecules for advanced information technology applications.

Keywords:
Molecular switchesSTMnonlocal reactionsorganic−metal interfacesurface state

More Related Videos

Solid-phase Synthesis of [4.4] Spirocyclic Oximes
05:15

Solid-phase Synthesis of [4.4] Spirocyclic Oximes

Published on: February 6, 2019

7.4K
Hand Controlled Manipulation of Single Molecules via a Scanning Probe Microscope with a 3D Virtual Reality Interface
11:00

Hand Controlled Manipulation of Single Molecules via a Scanning Probe Microscope with a 3D Virtual Reality Interface

Published on: October 2, 2016

9.6K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 29, 2026

Light-driven Molecular Motors on Surfaces for Single Molecular Imaging
08:40

Light-driven Molecular Motors on Surfaces for Single Molecular Imaging

Published on: March 13, 2019

12.2K
Solid-phase Synthesis of [4.4] Spirocyclic Oximes
05:15

Solid-phase Synthesis of [4.4] Spirocyclic Oximes

Published on: February 6, 2019

7.4K
Hand Controlled Manipulation of Single Molecules via a Scanning Probe Microscope with a 3D Virtual Reality Interface
11:00

Hand Controlled Manipulation of Single Molecules via a Scanning Probe Microscope with a 3D Virtual Reality Interface

Published on: October 2, 2016

9.6K

Area of Science:

  • Surface science
  • Molecular electronics
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Nonlocal addressing of molecular switches is crucial for efficient information technology.
  • The surface state of noble metals, like Cu(111), acts as a 2D electron gas for signal propagation.
  • This surface state enables simultaneous addressing of multiple molecules.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the nonlocal control of molecular switches using hot carrier injection.
  • To explore the potential of the Cu(111) surface state for long-range molecular addressing.
  • To demonstrate isomer-selective switching of anthradithiophene (ADT) molecules.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing a scanning tunneling microscope (STM) to inject hot carriers into the Cu(111) surface state.
  • Employing the surface state's electron gas to propagate signals over distances.
  • Observing and analyzing the conformational switching of ADT molecules triggered by these carriers.

Main Results:

  • Hot carriers injected into the Cu(111) surface state triggered conformational switches in ADT molecules.
  • Switching was observed at distances up to 100 nm from the injection point, demonstrating long-range control.
  • The switching process was found to be fully reversible and isomer selective, distinguishing between cis and trans diastereomers.

Conclusions:

  • The Cu(111) surface state effectively mediates nonlocal control of molecular switches.
  • This approach offers precise, long-range, and reversible manipulation of molecular conformations.
  • The findings pave the way for advanced molecular electronics and information processing technologies.