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A Case of Cronobacter (Enterobacter sakazakii) Bacteremia in a Breastfed Infant

Tangra Broge1, Amy Lee2

  • 1Florida State University Pediatric Residency Program at Sacred Heart Hospital, Pensacola tangrabroge@yahoo.com.

Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society
|December 1, 2015
PubMed

Insights

Cronobacter can cause infant infections, often linked to powdered infant formula. This case highlights a rare instance of Cronobacter bacteremia in a breastfed infant, suggesting broader exposure risks.

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology and Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health and Epidemiology
  • Pediatric Medicine

Background:

  • Cronobacter, a genus within Enterobacteriaceae, was identified in 2007.
  • Contaminated powdered infant formula (PIF) is a known source of invasive Cronobacter infections in infants.
  • Expert panels from the FAO and WHO confirmed PIF contamination as a cause of infant illness.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report a rare case of Cronobacter bacteremia in an exclusively breastfed infant.
  • To underscore potential exposure routes for Cronobacter beyond PIF.
  • To contribute to the understanding of Cronobacter epidemiology in vulnerable populations.

Main Methods:

  • Case report detailing a clinical presentation.
  • Review of relevant literature on Cronobacter infections and exposure sources.
  • Microbiological identification and characterization (implied).

Main Results:

  • A case of Cronobacter bacteremia was identified in an exclusively breastfed infant.
  • The infant's mother was a healthcare worker, suggesting potential occupational exposure.
  • This represents an unusual transmission pathway for Cronobacter.

Conclusions:

  • Cronobacter infections in infants can occur through routes other than contaminated PIF.
  • Breastfeeding does not inherently prevent Cronobacter exposure if the source is environmental or occupational.
  • Further investigation into non-PIF sources of Cronobacter exposure is warranted.

Keywords:
CronobacterEnterobacterInfantPowderedSakazakii

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