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Prognostic and predictive biomarkers in melanoma: an update
Mona Foth1,2, Jasper Wouters1,3, Ciaran de Chaumont1,4
1a OncoMark Ltd., NovaUCD, Bellfield , University College Dublin , Dublin , Ireland.
Expert Review of Molecular Diagnostics
|December 2, 2015
Summary
This review updates on prognostic and predictive biomarkers for malignant melanoma, an aggressive cancer. Advances in multi-marker assays and sequencing technologies improve patient management and treatment selection.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Genetics
- Biomarker Research
Background:
- Malignant melanoma is a highly aggressive cancer with evolving treatment landscapes.
- New immuno- and targeted therapies are emerging, necessitating better patient stratification.
Purpose of the Study:
- To provide an updated review of prognostic and predictive biomarkers in melanoma.
- To highlight how these biomarkers can enhance clinical management and treatment decisions.
Main Methods:
- Review of current literature on melanoma biomarkers.
- Analysis of conventional histopathological characteristics, chromosomal aberrations, gene expression, and miRNA profiles.
- Discussion of emerging multi-marker assays and whole-genome screening methods.
Main Results:
- Prognostic markers include histopathology, chromosomal aberrations, gene expression, and miRNA profiles.
- Predictive biomarkers target signal transduction, developmental, or transcriptional pathways for treatment response.
- A trend towards multi-marker assays and whole-genome screening for personalized prognosis.
Conclusions:
- Biomarkers are crucial for improving clinical management of melanoma patients.
- Advancements in sequencing and multi-marker screening will refine patient candidacy for therapies.
- New ethical and regulatory challenges arise with evolving biomarker technologies.
