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Validation of parent-reported physical activity and sedentary time by accelerometry in young children
Hrishov Sarker1, Laura N Anderson2,3, Cornelia M Borkhoff4,5
1Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada. hrishov.sarker@mail.mcgill.ca.
Insights
Parent reports of young children's physical activity show weak to moderate correlation with accelerometer data. Parent-reported sedentary time in children showed no correlation with direct measures, indicating a need for further validation.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Health
- Physical Activity Measurement
- Child Development
Background:
- Assessing physical activity and sedentary time in young children is crucial for health.
- Parental reports are commonly used but their accuracy compared to objective measures is unclear.
- This study aimed to validate parent-reported data against accelerometer measurements in early childhood.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare parent-reported physical activity and sedentary time with accelerometer-measured data in children under six years old.
- To determine the validity of parental recall for various activity types and sedentary behaviors.
Main Methods:
- 117 healthy children under 6 years wore accelerometers for 7 days.
- Parents completed questionnaires on physical activity and sedentary behaviors.
- Spearman correlations and Bland-Altman plots analyzed parent-report vs. accelerometer data.
Main Results:
- Total physical activity measured by accelerometer was significantly higher than parent-reported (median difference: 131 min/day).
- Parent-reported physical activity showed weak to moderate correlation (r=0.39) with accelerometer data.
- No correlation was found between parent-reported and accelerometer-measured total sedentary time (r=0.10).
Conclusions:
- Parental reports offer a weak to moderate correlation for young children's physical activity, varying by activity type and age.
- Parental reports of sedentary time lack correlation with objective measures in this age group.
- Further validation studies are necessary to confirm the accuracy of parent-reported physical activity and sedentary time in children under six.
Background:
It is unknown if young children's parent-reported physical activity and sedentary time are correlated with direct measures. The study objectives were to compare parent-reported physical and sedentary activity versus directly measured accelerometer data in early childhood.
Methods:
From 2013 to 2014, 117 healthy children less than 6 years of age were recruited to wear Actical accelerometers for 7 days. Accelerometer data and questionnaires were available on 87 children (74%). Average daily physical activity was defined as the sum of activity ≥100 counts per minute, and sedentary time as the sum of activity <100 counts per minute during waking hours. Parents reported daily physical activity (unstructured free play in and out of school, and organized activities) and selected sedentary behaviors (screen time, stroller time, time in motor vehicle). Spearman correlation coefficients and Bland-Altman plots were used to assess the validity of parent-reported measures compared to accelerometer data.
Results:
Total physical activity was significantly greater when measured by accelerometer than parent-report; the median difference was 131 min/day (p < 0.001). Parent-reported child physical activity was weak to moderately correlated with directly measured total physical activity (r = 0.39, 95% CI 0.19, 0.56). The correlations between types of physical activity (unstructured free play in and outside of school/daycare, and organized structured activity) and accelerometer were r = 0.30 (95% CI 0.09, 0.49); r = 0.42 (95% CI 0.23, 0.58); r = 0.26 (95% CI 0.05, 0.46), respectively. There was no correlation between parent-reported and accelerometer-measured total sedentary time in children (r = 0.10, 95% CI -0.12, 0.33). When the results were stratified by age group (<18, 18-47, and 48-70 months of age) no statistically significant correlations were observed and some inverse associations were observed.
Conclusions:
The correlation between parent-report of young children's physical activity and accelerometer-measured activity was weak to moderate depending on type of activity and age group. Parent-report of children's sedentary time was not correlated with accelerometer-measured sedentary time. Additional validation studies are needed to determine if parent-reported measures of physical activity and sedentary time are valid among children less than 6 years of age and across these young age groups.
