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Related Concept Videos

Hypersensitivities01:30

Hypersensitivities

8.3K
Hypersensitivity, also known as a hypersensitivity reaction or allergic reaction, is a condition where the body's immune system reacts abnormally to a foreign substance. Such substances, that cause hypersensitivity are referred to as an allergen, could be something typically harmless to most people, like pollen or certain foods.
Types of Hypersensitivities
Hypersensitivity reactions are categorized into four types: Type 1, Type 2, Type 3, and Type 4. Each type has a distinct mechanism...
8.3K
Drug Toxicity: Allergic Reactions01:30

Drug Toxicity: Allergic Reactions

135
Drug-related allergies are immune-mediated responses triggered by the administration of pharmacological agents. These hypersensitivity reactions are classified based on the immune mechanisms involved. The four primary types—Type I, II, III, and IV—are mediated by different immunological pathways and exhibit distinct clinical manifestations.Type I Hypersensitivity/ IgE-Mediated Reactions: Immunoglobulin E (IgE) immediately mediates Type I hypersensitivity reactions. Upon initial...
135
Hypersensitivity Reactions: Immune-Complex Reactions01:19

Hypersensitivity Reactions: Immune-Complex Reactions

149
Type III hypersensitivity reactions occur when antigen–antibody complexes form and activate the complement system. Normally, these complexes help the clearance of antigens by phagocytes and red blood cells. However, when large numbers of immune complexes are present, they can deposit in tissues—particularly in the walls of blood vessels—leading to inflammation and tissue injury. These deposits trigger complement activation and neutrophil recruitment, resulting in serum...
149
Hypersensitivity Reactions: Cytolytic Reactions01:01

Hypersensitivity Reactions: Cytolytic Reactions

127
Type II hypersensitivity involves IgG and IgM antibodies targeting cell surface antigens, leading to cell destruction. This can occur through complement activation, antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC), or acting as opsonins for phagocytosis. When excessive, these reactions cause significant tissue damage.Drug-induced hemolytic anemia is a common example, where drugs like penicillin or cephalosporins bind to red blood cells, forming drug-protein complexes. These complexes...
127
Allergic Drug Reactions01:27

Allergic Drug Reactions

1.6K
Allergic reactions related to drugs are hypersensitivity responses driven by the immune system and bear no connection to the drug's therapeutic action. While drugs in isolation do not trigger an immune response, they can interact with endogenous proteins to form antigens. These antigens stimulate lymphocytes to produce antibodies. IgE-type antibodies attach themselves to mast cells. Upon subsequent exposure to the same stimulus, the antigen-antibody interaction is initiated, unleashing...
1.6K
Hypersensitivity Reactions: Delayed Hypersensitivity Reactions01:29

Hypersensitivity Reactions: Delayed Hypersensitivity Reactions

187
Delayed-Type Hypersensitivity (DTH), or Type IV hypersensitivity, is a cell-mediated immune response. It occurs when T cells, rather than antibodies, mediate a reaction to specific antigens. It is characterized by a delayed onset (1-2 days) and involves the recruitment of macrophages to the inflammation site.The initiation of a DTH response begins with the sensitization of T cells. During this phase, which lasts at least 1-2 weeks, antigen-specific T cells are activated, clonally expanded, and...
187

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 29, 2026

Humanized Mediator Release Assay as a Read-Out for Allergen Potency
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Hipersensitivity Reactions to Corticosteroids.

L Berbegal1, F J DeLeon1, J F Silvestre1

  • 1Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital General Universitario de Alicante, Alicante, España.

Actas Dermo-Sifiliograficas
|December 2, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Corticosteroid allergy can cause delayed or immediate hypersensitivity reactions, with allergic contact dermatitis being most common. Patch testing with specific corticosteroid batteries helps identify allergens and guide alternative treatment choices.

Keywords:
Allergic contact dermatitisBatería estándarCorticoidesCorticosteroidsDermatitis de contacto alérgicaHypersensitivity reactionsPatch testPruebas epicutáneasReacciones de hipersensibilidadStandard battery

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Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Allergology
  • Clinical Pharmacology

Background:

  • Corticosteroids are frequently used topically in dermatology.
  • These drugs can act as allergens, triggering hypersensitivity reactions.
  • Allergic contact dermatitis is the primary manifestation of corticosteroid allergy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review hypersensitivity reactions to corticosteroids.
  • To discuss clinical approaches for diagnosing and managing corticosteroid allergy.
  • To highlight the importance of identifying alternative corticosteroids.

Main Methods:

  • Patch testing with standard and specific corticosteroid batteries.
  • Evaluation of immediate and delayed hypersensitivity reactions.
  • Review of clinical practice guidelines.

Main Results:

  • Allergic contact dermatitis is the most common reaction.
  • Standard batteries may not be ideal for identifying specific corticosteroid allergens.
  • Immediate reactions, though rare, can be severe.

Conclusions:

  • Patch testing is crucial for diagnosing corticosteroid allergy.
  • Specific corticosteroid testing is recommended when standard tests are positive.
  • Identifying alternative corticosteroids is essential for patient management.