Systemic lupus erythematosus with intestinal perforation: A case report

Area of Science:

• Rheumatology
• Gastroenterology
• Surgical Pathology

Background:

• Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a complex autoimmune disease affecting multiple organ systems.
• Gastrointestinal complications are common in SLE, but intestinal perforation is a rare and critical manifestation.
• Prompt management is vital for improving outcomes in SLE patients with intestinal perforation.

Purpose of the Study:

• To report a rare case of intestinal perforation in a patient with Systemic lupus erythematosus.
• To highlight the diagnostic and therapeutic challenges associated with this complication.
• To emphasize the importance of early intervention in SLE-related intestinal emergencies.

Main Methods:

• A case study approach was used, detailing the clinical presentation, diagnostic process, and management of a patient with SLE and intestinal perforation.
• Surgical intervention was performed to address the intestinal perforation.
• Post-operative care and management of complications were documented.

Main Results:

• A 3 cm ileal perforation was identified and surgically repaired in an SLE patient.
• The patient experienced significant post-operative complications including ventilator weaning difficulties, septic shock, and intestinal obstruction.
• Successful treatment and discharge were achieved after approximately four months of comprehensive care.

Conclusions:

• Intestinal perforation is a rare but life-threatening complication of Systemic lupus erythematosus.
• Early diagnosis and aggressive, prompt treatment, including surgical intervention, are essential for managing SLE-associated intestinal perforation.
• Multidisciplinary care is critical for addressing the complex post-operative course and complications in these patients.