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Medulloblastoma with soft-tissue and skeletal metastases in an adult: A case report
Dianzhong Geng1, Xiaohua Song2, Jing Liu3
1Department of Oncology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong 256603, P.R. China.
Abstract:
Medulloblastoma (MB) is a highly malignant primary brain tumor, which occurs in the cerebellum or posterior cranial fossa. MB is most commonly identified in children <10 years of age. The disease is rare in adults, affecting patients aged between 30 and 50 years of age, with an incidence of 0.5 cases per 1,000,000 individuals. Extraneural metastases are reported in 7-10% of cases, most commonly involving the bones and more rarely involving the lymph nodes, visceral organs and bone marrow. The current study presents the case of a 36-year-old male who underwent a gross total resection followed by radiation therapy to the craniospinal axis for the treatment of MB. The patient subsequently developed widespread metastasis, which involved the soft tissue of the occipital bone. Subsequently, the patient was administered palliative radiotherapy and initially exhibited a good clinical response. However, the patient succumbed at 18 months post-diagnosis due to dissemination of the disease. The literature on the extraneural metastasis of MB is also reviewed in the current study.
Insights
This case study details a rare adult medulloblastoma (MB) with extraneural metastasis. Despite treatment, the patient experienced disease dissemination, highlighting challenges in managing advanced MB.
Area of Science:
- Neuro-oncology
- Pathology
Background:
- Medulloblastoma (MB) is a highly malignant primary brain tumor predominantly affecting children.
- Adult MB is rare, with extraneural metastases occurring in 7-10% of cases, often to bone.
Purpose of the Study:
- To present a case of adult medulloblastoma with extensive extraneural metastasis.
- To review the existing literature on extraneural metastasis in medulloblastoma.
Main Methods:
- Case report of a 36-year-old male with MB.
- Review of medical literature on medulloblastoma metastasis.
Main Results:
- The patient developed widespread metastasis to the occipital bone soft tissue.
- Palliative radiotherapy provided initial clinical response, but the patient succumbed 18 months post-diagnosis.
- Literature review on extraneural MB metastasis.
Conclusions:
- Adult medulloblastoma with extraneural metastasis presents a significant clinical challenge.
- Further research is needed to understand and improve outcomes for advanced MB with metastasis.
