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Head and neck cancer: early detection.

L W Thompson1

  • 1Department of Surgery, Oral Roberts University School of Medicine, Tulsa, Oklahoma.

Seminars in Surgical Oncology
|January 1, 1989
PubMed
Summary

Early detection and complete eradication are key for excellent cure rates in head and neck cancers. This review covers oral cavity, pharynx, larynx, and salivary gland cancers, discussing risk factors and early detection methods.

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Head and Neck Surgery

Background:

  • Head and neck cancers encompass oral cavity, pharynx, larynx, and salivary gland malignancies.
  • Incidence varies by site, with lip cancers being common and nasopharyngeal cancers rare.
  • Etiology is multifactorial, involving immune impairment, environmental factors (tobacco, radiation), and genetics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To categorize head and neck cancers.
  • To discuss the incidence and etiology of these cancers.
  • To emphasize the importance of early detection and provide guidelines for examination.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on head and neck cancers.
  • Categorization of cancers by anatomical site.
  • Discussion of associated risk factors and etiological links.
  • Outline of early signs, symptoms, and diagnostic examination guidelines.

Main Results:

  • Head and neck cancers present with varying incidence based on lesion location.
  • Established associations exist between malignancies and factors like immune status, environmental exposures, and genetic predispositions.
  • Early diagnosis and complete initial eradication correlate with excellent cure rates.

Conclusions:

  • Prompt diagnosis and complete treatment are crucial for favorable outcomes in head and neck cancers.
  • Understanding risk factors and recognizing early signs are vital for effective management.
  • Guidelines for early detection through examination are essential for improving patient survival.

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