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Witness memory accuracy is complex. While personality tests like the Group Embedded Figures Test (GEFT) and Rotter Scale did not predict performance, female witnesses showed better recall for female confederates, and field-independent males could better gauge their own accuracy.

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Forensic Psychology

Background:

  • Eyewitness testimony is crucial in legal proceedings.
  • Understanding factors influencing memory accuracy and confidence is vital.
  • Previous research has explored personality traits' impact on eyewitness recall.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between witness characteristics, event memory accuracy, and confidence judgments.
  • To determine if personality measures predict eyewitness performance.
  • To examine gender differences in memory recall.

Main Methods:

  • 170 participants (Ss) were tested on memory for an event involving two confederates (Cs) one day after witnessing it.
  • Participants completed the Group Embedded Figures Test (GEFT) and Rotter Scale.
  • Memory accuracy and confidence judgments were assessed, alongside correlations with personality measures and gender.

Main Results:

  • Neither GEFT nor Rotter Scale scores correlated with memory accuracy.
  • Female participants demonstrated higher memory accuracy for the female confederate compared to males.
  • Field-independent males showed a better ability to judge their own memory accuracy on an item-by-item basis.

Conclusions:

  • Personality variables, such as those measured by GEFT and Rotter Scale, offer limited predictive power for eyewitness performance.
  • Gender plays a role in eyewitness memory, particularly concerning the gender of the confederate.
  • Field independence may influence self-assessment of memory accuracy, but this effect was specific to males.