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Drug Discovery: Overview

Drug Discovery: Overview

Drug discovery is a multifaceted process involving extensive screening, testing, and optimization of lead compounds to identify potential new drugs for therapeutic use. It combines several approaches, including screening large numbers of natural products, chemical modification of known active molecules, identification of new drug targets, and rational design based on biological mechanisms and drug-receptor structure. These approaches are carried out in both academic research laboratories and...

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Decision Making: Traditional Method

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Safety Lead Optimization and Candidate Identification: Integrating New Technologies into Decision-Making.

Donna M Dambach¹, Dinah Misner¹, Mathew Brock¹

¹Department of Safety Assessment, Genentech, Inc. , 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States.

Chemical Research in Toxicology

|December 2, 2015

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Discovery toxicology identifies optimal drug candidates by assessing safety profiles and potential toxicities. This approach minimizes clinical trial failures and ensures informed decision-making for safer therapeutics.

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Published on: October 17, 2025

Area of Science:

Drug discovery and development
Toxicology and pharmacology
Biopharmaceutical research

Background:

Discovery toxicology aims to identify promising drug candidates with favorable safety profiles.
Key goals include reducing clinical attrition due to toxicity and establishing robust hazard profiles for trial design.

Purpose of the Study:

To outline a framework for rational decision-making in drug discovery.
To integrate various technologies and models for comprehensive risk assessment.
To optimize lead compounds for improved drug characteristics and safety.

Main Methods:

Utilizing hypothesis-driven investigations and lead optimization strategies.
Employing a framework that balances multiple considerations for candidate selection.
Integrating in silico, in vitro, and in vivo models for risk assessment.

Main Results:

Identification of drug candidates with the best overall safety profiles.
Early removal of toxic compounds, reducing clinical attrition.
Establishment of well-characterized hazard and translational risk profiles.

Conclusions:

A holistic and integrated risk assessment framework enables rational decision-making in drug discovery.
The described strategies are applicable to both small molecules and biotherapeutics.
Optimized drug candidates possess superior characteristics and a clear understanding of toxicity mechanisms.