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[Diarrhea induced by antibiotics].

H Mittermayer1

  • 1Institut für Medizinische Mikrobiologie und Hygiene, a. ö. Krankenhauses der Elisabethinen, Linz.

Wiener Medizinische Wochenschrift (1946)
|May 15, 1989
PubMed
Summary
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Clostridium difficile (C. diff) is the primary cause of antibiotic-associated colitis, leading to diarrhea and colon damage. Diagnosis involves endoscopy and stool tests, with risk factors including antibiotic use and hospital settings.

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Gastroenterology

Context:

  • Antibiotic-associated colitis is frequently caused by Clostridium difficile.
  • This bacterium produces toxins damaging the colonic mucosa, leading to symptoms ranging from unspecific colitis to pseudomembranous colitis.

Purpose:

  • To review the etiology, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and epidemiology of Clostridium difficile colitis.
  • To highlight the role of antibiotics as a trigger and nosocomial spread.

Summary:

  • Clostridium difficile, a gram-positive anaerobic bacillus, causes antibiotic-associated colitis by releasing toxins.
  • Risk factors include broad-spectrum antibiotic use, hospitalization, and nosocomial spread.
  • Diagnosis relies on endoscopy, stool culture, and toxin detection, though interpretation in infants requires caution.

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Impact:

  • Understanding Clostridium difficile colitis is crucial for effective patient management and infection control in healthcare settings.
  • Highlights the need for careful antibiotic stewardship to prevent this common complication.