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In Vitro and In Vivo Assessment of T, B and Myeloid Cells Suppressive Activity and Humoral Responses from Transplant Recipients
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Neonatal tolerance: applicability to solid organ transplantation.

Lori J West1

  • 1Departments of Pediatrics, Surgery and Immunology, Alberta Transplant Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.

Current Opinion in Organ Transplantation
|December 3, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Neonatal tolerance, the immune system's immaturity, offers insights beyond transplantation. Exploiting its components, like regulatory T cells and erythroid precursors, yields tools for immune manipulation in infants and beyond.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Developmental Biology
  • Transplantation Science

Background:

  • Neonatal tolerance, a phenomenon studied for over 60 years, involves the immune system's reduced reactivity in immature individuals.
  • While direct application in newborn organ transplantation is limited, understanding neonatal immune immaturity offers therapeutic potential.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the phenomenon of neonatal tolerance and its implications in immunology.
  • To explore how discrete components of neonatal immune immaturity can be exploited for therapeutic purposes.
  • To highlight recent findings on the mechanisms and applications of neonatal tolerance.

Main Methods:

  • Review of historical and recent literature on neonatal tolerance.
  • Analysis of imaging studies in mice detailing immune cell interactions.
  • Application of glyconanotechnology to study immune responses to non-self carbohydrates.
  • Investigation of discarded infant thymus and erythroid precursors for therapeutic potential.

Main Results:

  • Recent studies in mice show complex interactions between donor regulatory T cells and neonatal immune components.
  • The developing immune system exhibits specific tolerance to non-self carbohydrates, influenced by B-cell and complement changes.
  • Discarded infant thymus is a rich source of regulatory T cells.
  • Transient erythroid precursors in newborns possess immunosuppressive properties, contributing to a tolerogenic environment.

Conclusions:

  • Neonatal tolerance significantly impacts broader immunological understanding beyond transplantation.
  • Mechanisms of immune system malleability in neonates are key targets for future research.
  • Exploiting specific components of neonatal immunity provides novel tools for immune manipulation in infancy and beyond.