Transforming growth factor-β1 rs1800469 polymorphism and periodontitis risk: a meta-analysis

The association between TGF-β1 rs1800469 polymorphism and the risk of periodontitis was controversial and inconclusive. This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the association between the TGF-β1 rs1800469 polymorphism and periodontitis risk. The electronic databases PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science were searched for studies to include in the present meta-analysis. Odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) was used to assess the strength of association between the TGF-β1 rs1800469 polymorphism and periodontitis risk. A total of 8 publications involving 923 cases and 892 controls met the inclusion criteria and were ultimately analyzed. In this meta-analysis, a significant association was detected between TGF-β1 rs1800469 polymorphism and periodontitis risk (OR=1.21; 95% CI, 1.05-1.39; P=0.008). In the subgroup analysis by ethnicity, the significant association was only found among Asians (OR=1.23; 95% CI, 1.05-1.44; P=0.01), while no significant association was found among Caucasians (OR=1.16; 95% CI, 0.90-1.49; P=0.25). In the subgroup analysis by type and periodontitis, the significant association was only found among CP patients (OR=1.18; 95% CI, 1.02-1.37; P=0.03), while no significant association was found among AP patients (OR=1.27; 95% CI, 0.98-1.65; P=0.07). In addition, no significant association was found among non-smokers (OR=1.28; 95% CI, 0.93-1.76; P=0.13). In conclusion, this meta-analysis suggests that the TGF-β1 rs1800469 polymorphism is associated with periodontitis risk. Further studies analyzing gene-gene and gene-environment interactions are required.