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Related Concept Videos

Burn Injuries01:22

Burn Injuries

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Burn injuries occur when the skin and underlying tissues are damaged due to exposure to heat, electricity, chemicals, radiation, or friction. They can vary in severity, from minor superficial burns to severe deep burns that can be life-threatening.
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Drug Dosing: Geriatric Patients01:15

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Elderly individuals encompass a diverse population with varying degrees of age-related physiological changes. Defining the elderly presents challenges, as the geriatric population is often arbitrarily categorized as individuals older than 65. However, many individuals in this group lead active and healthy lives, with an increasing number surpassing 85 years and falling into the older elderly category. Physiological changes associated with aging impact performance capacity and homeostatic...
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The Effect of Aging on Tissues01:19

The Effect of Aging on Tissues

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Several body functions deteriorate with age. The external signs of aging are easily identifiable. For example, the skin becomes dry, less elastic, and thins out, forming wrinkles. The skin of the face begins to appear looser due to a decrease in the levels of elastic and collagen fibers in the connective tissue. Additionally, melanin production in the hair follicle decreases with age, resulting in gray hair. Moreover, the senses of sight and hearing decline, so glasses and hearing aids may...
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Pharmacodynamics in Geriatric Patients: Effects of Age01:27

Pharmacodynamics in Geriatric Patients: Effects of Age

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Age-related pharmacokinetic changes are extensively documented, but understanding age-related pharmacodynamic alterations is relatively limited. This knowledge gap can be partly attributed to the complexity of developing appropriate measures of drug responses compared to bioanalytical methods for determining drug concentrations.Most information regarding age-related differences in human pharmacodynamics originates from cross-sectional studies. However, these studies assume that observed mean...
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Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Absorption01:22

Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Absorption

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As individuals age, their body's physiology evolves, affecting drug pharmacokinetics. The most apparent changes occur in the gastrointestinal tract, where an increase in gastric pH, a delay in gastric emptying, and a reduction in gastrointestinal motility are observed. Remarkably, these changes do not substantially modify the absorption of orally administered drugs, particularly those absorbed via passive diffusion.Transdermal drug delivery emerges as a highly viable method for older adults due...
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Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Metabolism01:18

Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Metabolism

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Geriatric patients show significant variation in how their bodies process medications, which can change how effective and safe treatments are. The liver is the primary organ where drug metabolism occurs, involving two main types of chemical reactions: phase I and II. Phase I metabolism is driven by the cytochrome P450 enzyme system, which includes key types such as CYP3A, CYP2D6, and CYP2C9. Research indicates that while aging doesn't notably alter the levels or activity of these enzymes, it...
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Author Spotlight: A Multi-Depth Porcine Model for Comprehensive Study of Burn Injuries and Healing Processes
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Pathophysiologic Response to Burns in the Elderly.

Marc G Jeschke1, David Patsouris1, Mile Stanojcic1

  • 1Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic Surgery, University of Toronto, Canada.

Ebiomedicine
|December 3, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Elderly burn patients face higher mortality and longer hospital stays due to unique metabolic and immune responses. Understanding these complex factors is crucial for improving outcomes in geriatric burn care.

Keywords:
BurnElderlyHypermetabolismInflammasomeInflammationMorbidityMortalityPathophysiologic responseSkin healingStem cell

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Area of Science:

  • Geriatric Medicine
  • Burn Surgery
  • Translational Research

Background:

  • Despite advances in burn care, elderly patients exhibit persistently poor outcomes.
  • Mortality and morbidity rates in elderly burn victims have not improved over three decades.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the underlying reasons for the poor outcomes in elderly burn patients compared to adults.
  • To identify clinical, metabolic, inflammatory, immune, and skin healing differences.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective translational trial analyzing clinical, metabolic, inflammatory, immune, and skin healing parameters.
  • Comparison of burn responses between elderly and adult patient populations.

Main Results:

  • Elderly patients experienced significantly higher mortality, more comorbidities, and prolonged hospitalization.
  • Increased incidence of multi-organ failure was observed in the elderly.
  • Delayed hypermetabolic, hyperglycemic, and hyperlipidemic responses were noted.
  • Inverted inflammatory response, immune-compromisation, and delayed wound healing due to altered progenitor cells were significant findings.

Conclusions:

  • Elderly individuals exhibit distinct and complex physiological responses to severe burns compared to adults.
  • These altered responses contribute to increased morbidity and mortality.
  • A multi-modal treatment approach is necessary to enhance outcomes for severely burned elderly patients.