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Related Concept Videos

Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Crohn's Disease01:30

Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Crohn's Disease

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Introduction
Inflammatory bowel disease, commonly known as IBD, refers to a collection of disorders that lead to persistent inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. The two types of IBD are ulcerative colitis, which impacts the colon, and Crohn's disease, which can involve any part of the gastrointestinal segment.
Crohn's disease
Crohn's disease is a chronic, systemic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) that predominantly affects the gastrointestinal tract. It is marked by...
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Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Ulcerative Colitis01:27

Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Ulcerative Colitis

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Introduction
Inflammatory bowel disease, or IBD, encompasses a group of disorders characterized by chronic inflammation or ulceration of the gastrointestinal tract.
Risk Factors
The exact cause of IBD remains unclear, although it is believed to be due to a mix of genetic, environmental, microbial, and immune factors. Genetic factors are significant in determining susceptibility to IBD, with family history being a critical risk factor. Individuals with a first-degree relative who has IBD are at...
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Chronic Bowel Disorders: Introduction01:17

Chronic Bowel Disorders: Introduction

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Chronic bowel diseases are a group of long-term conditions affecting the digestive tract, characterized by inflammation and damage to the gut lining. These conditions primarily include irritable bowel syndrome and inflammatory bowel disease.
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is a common disorder affecting the gastrointestinal tract. The distinctive feature is recurrent abdominal pain associated with altered bowel movements, manifesting as constipation, diarrhea, or fluctuating between both. The...
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Inflammation01:38

Inflammation

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Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Biologic Agents: Anti-TNF01:24

Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Biologic Agents: Anti-TNF

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Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF), a proinflammatory cytokine, contributes significantly to the inflammation seen in Crohn's disease. It exists as soluble TNF and membrane-bound TNF, with actions mediated through TNF receptors (TNFR). TNFR activation leads to the release of proinflammatory cytokines, T-cell activation, collagen production, and leukocyte migration, all contributing to inflammation in Crohn's disease. Anti-TNF monoclonal antibodies, namely infliximab (Remicade), adalimumab...
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Irritable Bowel Syndrome I: Introduction01:17

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Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is characterized by functional disturbances in the gastrointestinal system, presenting a cluster of symptoms without evident structural or biochemical abnormalities. It primarily affects the large intestine and may cause abdominal pain, bloating, excessive gas, diarrhea, constipation, or both.
IBS is a chronic condition that can persist over a long period or recur frequently.
The pathogenesis of IBS involves a complex interplay of the following factors:
Altered...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 29, 2026

A TNBS-Induced Rodent Model to Study the Pathogenic Role of Mechanical Stress in Crohn's Disease
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Mast cells and inflammatory bowel disease.

Guy Boeckxstaens1

  • 1Div. Gastroenterology, Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders (TARGID), KULeuven, University Hospital Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.

Current Opinion in Pharmacology
|December 3, 2015
PubMed
Summary

Mast cells (MC) play a role in inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) by releasing mediators involved in colitis. Inhibiting MCs or their proteases may offer new therapeutic strategies for IBD.

Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Immunology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), including ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD), are chronic gut conditions driven by immune system dysregulation.
  • Mast cells (MC) are immune cells implicated in IBD pathogenesis.
  • MC activation can be triggered by various stimuli, leading to the release of inflammatory mediators.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To discuss the potential role of mast cells (MC) in the development of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD).
  • To highlight findings from preclinical studies on MC involvement in acute colitis.
  • To identify potential therapeutic targets for IBD based on MC function.

Main Methods:

  • Review of preclinical studies investigating mast cell activation and mediator release in colitis models.

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Isolation of Peritoneum-derived Mast Cells and Their Functional Characterization with Ca2+-imaging and Degranulation Assays
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  • Analysis of the role of specific mast cell proteases (mMCP-6 and Prss31) in acute colitis.
  • Exploration of potential therapeutic strategies targeting mast cells and their products.

    • Main Results:

    • Mast cells (MC) can be activated by diverse stimuli, releasing bioactive mediators.
    • Specific mast cell proteases, mMCP-6 and Prss31, are implicated in the development of acute colitis.
    • Inhibition of MCs via receptors like LIMR3 or protease inhibitors shows therapeutic potential in preclinical models.

    Conclusions:

    • Mast cells (MC) are key players in the inflammatory processes underlying inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD).
    • Targeting mast cell activation or their released proteases (mMCP-6, Prss31) represents a promising therapeutic avenue for IBD.
    • Further research, including human data, is needed to validate these findings and therapeutic strategies for IBD.