Primary biliary cholangitis associated with warm autoimmune hemolytic anemia

Area of Science:

• Hepatology
• Immunology
• Hematology

Background:

• Primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) is a chronic liver disease often associated with other autoimmune conditions.
• Warm autoimmune hemolytic anemia (wAIHA) is a rare disorder characterized by antibody-mediated red blood cell destruction.

Observation:

• Hemolysis is frequently observed in patients with chronic liver disease.
• The co-occurrence of PBC and wAIHA is infrequently documented in medical literature.

Findings:

• This report presents a case of a 53-year-old female diagnosed with both wAIHA and PBC.
• The findings suggest a potential, albeit rare, association between these two autoimmune disorders.

Implications:

• This case contributes to the understanding of the spectrum of autoimmune diseases associated with PBC.
• Further research may elucidate the underlying mechanisms linking PBC and wAIHA.
• Recognizing this association may improve diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for patients presenting with overlapping symptoms.