Management of maxillofacial and neck soft-tissue injuries

Maxillofacial injuries sustained during sporting events may involve any variety of soft-tissue or bony injuries. As in any traumatized patient, more extensive injuries must be excluded and the basic principles of maintaining an airway and restoration of circulation maintained. The face and neck take on a particular significance when one considers the complexity of function and significant aesthetic value of the structures of the face and neck. Careful inspection, palpation, and examination of function assure the accurate diagnosis of injuries. Specific injuries to the specialized areas of the face and neck are discussed with particular attention to the potential underlying injuries to the facial nerves, parotid duct, and lacrimal systems. The importance of recognizing septal nasal hematomas and external ear hematomas are discussed.