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Related Experiment Videos

Obesity: basic considerations and clinical approaches.

G A Bray1

  • 1Section of Diabetes and Clinical Nutrition, USC School of Medicine, Los Angeles.

Disease-A-Month : DM
|July 1, 1989
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Obesity, an excess of body fat, is measured using various methods like body mass index (BMI). Central fat distribution and genetics play roles, but environmental factors are key in obesity development and treatment decisions.

Area of Science:

  • Obesity research
  • Body composition analysis
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Obesity is defined as excess body fat, commonly estimated using height and weight (Body Mass Index - BMI) or skinfold thickness in epidemiological studies.
  • Body density is the gold standard for body fat assessment, enabling calculation of fat and fat-free mass.
  • Bioelectric impedance analysis offers a promising new technique for improving total body fat estimation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review methods for measuring body fat and assessing obesity.
  • To discuss the prevalence and risk factors associated with obesity.
  • To explore the etiology and classification of obesity.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing Body Mass Index (BMI) derived from height and weight for obesity estimation.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Employing waist-to-hip circumference ratio and subscapular skinfold for regional fat distribution analysis.
  • Considering bioelectric impedance analysis for enhanced body fat estimation.

    • Main Results:

    • The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey indicated 26% of US adults (20-75 years) were overweight based on BMI.
    • Severe overweight (BMI > 30 kg/m2) prevalence is higher in the US and Canada compared to several European and Australian nations.
    • Increased BMI and central fat distribution are linked to higher risks of heart disease, hypertension, gall bladder disease, and diabetes mellitus.

    Conclusions:

    • Obesity stems from an energy intake exceeding expenditure, influenced by resting metabolism, food intake, and physical activity.
    • While genetics contribute, environmental factors appear more significant in determining total body fat and its distribution.
    • Obesity classification can be based on fat cell number, fat distribution, etiology, or age of onset, with treatment tailored to individual risk assessment.