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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 29, 2026

Induction of Paralysis and Visual System Injury in Mice by T Cells Specific for Neuromyelitis Optica Autoantigen Aquaporin-4

Induction of Paralysis and Visual System Injury in Mice by T Cells Specific for Neuromyelitis Optica Autoantigen Aquaporin-4

Published on: August 21, 2017

Autoimmune thyroiditis associated with neuromyelitis optica (NMO).

Sreenivasa Rao Sudulagunta¹, Mahesh Babu Sodalagunta², Hadi Khorram³

¹Columbia Asia Hospital, Bangalore, India.

German Medical Science : GMS E-Journal

|December 4, 2015

Summary

Neuromyelitis optica (NMO) is a rare CNS autoimmune disease. Early diagnosis is crucial, as this case highlights a delayed NMO diagnosis in a patient with autoimmune thyroiditis, leading to poor treatment response.

Keywords:

IgG autoimmune thyroiditis neuromyelitis optica (NMO)optic neuritis transverse myelitis

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Area of Science:

Neurology
Immunology
Endocrinology

Background:

Neuromyelitis optica (NMO) is a rare CNS demyelinating disease affecting the spinal cord and optic nerves.
NMO shares features with multiple sclerosis, necessitating early differentiation due to distinct clinical courses and treatments.
Associations between NMO and other autoimmune conditions are documented, though rare with autoimmune thyroid disease.

Observation:

A 50-year-old woman presented with neurological symptoms including vomiting, hiccups, and paraesthesias, initially misdiagnosed.
The patient also had autoimmune thyroiditis, progressing from hyperthyroidism to hypothyroidism.
Delayed NMO diagnosis occurred despite severe disease progression.

Findings:

NMO diagnosis was confirmed via NMO-IgG seropositivity and MRI revealing longitudinally extensive spinal cord lesions.
The patient exhibited poor treatment response, attributed to delayed diagnosis and aggressive immunosuppressive therapy.

Implications:

This case underscores the importance of considering NMO in patients with co-existing autoimmune diseases, particularly thyroiditis.
Early and accurate diagnosis of NMO is critical for timely and effective treatment, improving patient outcomes.
Further research into the NMO-autoimmune thyroiditis link may reveal shared pathogenic mechanisms or diagnostic markers.