Electroconvulsive Therapy
Parkinson's Disease: Treatment
Parkinson's Disease: Overview
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Updated: Mar 29, 2026

Pupillary Response as Assessment of Effective Seizure Induction by Electroconvulsive Therapy
Published on: April 11, 2019
Puneet Narang1, Anna Glowacki1, Steven Lippmann1
1Dr. Narang is Assistant Professor with the University of Minnesota and Staff Physician and Lead ECT Psychiatrist at Regions Hospital, Minneapolis-St. Paul, Minnesota; Dr. Glowacki is a first year family medicine resident at John Peter Smith hospital, Fort Worth Texas; and Dr. Lippmann is Professor of Psychiatry at University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky.
Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) offers a safe and effective treatment for Parkinson's disease patients refractory to conventional therapies. Despite documented benefits, its underutilization highlights the need for further research into optimal application and duration of effect.
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