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Light-Cured Self-Etch Adhesives Undergo Hydroxyapatite-Triggered Self-Cure.

Y Liu1, X Bai1, Y W Liu1

  • 1University of Missouri-Kansas City School of Dentistry, Kansas City, MO, USA.

Journal of Dental Research
|December 5, 2015
PubMed
Summary

Dental adhesives with a novel self-cure system achieve ~100% conversion, salvaging incomplete light curing. Hydroxyapatite (HAp) released during etching can trigger this self-cure mechanism for better adhesion.

Keywords:
(2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl) diphenylphosphine oxideFourier transform infrared spectroscopyRaman spectroscopychemical-curing of dental adhesivesethyl 4-dimethylaminobenzoatelight-curing of dental adhesives

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Area of Science:

  • Dental Materials Science
  • Polymer Chemistry
  • Biomaterials

Background:

  • Light curing is standard for dental adhesives but struggles with accessibility.
  • Self-cure mechanisms are needed to ensure complete polymerization in challenging areas.
  • A novel self-cure system using ethyl 4-(dimethylamino)-benzoate (4E) and hydroxyapatite (HAp) was previously identified.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if the novel self-cure system functions after inadequate light curing.
  • To determine if hydroxyapatite (HAp) released during dental etching is sufficient to activate self-cure.
  • To assess the impact of this self-cure mechanism on the degree of conversion (DC) at the enamel-resin interface.

Main Methods:

  • Model self-etch adhesives containing bis[2-methacryloyloxy)ethyl]-phosphate (2MP) and trimethylbenzoyl-diphenylphosphine oxide (TPO) were formulated.
  • Infrared spectroscopy monitored the degree of conversion (DC) during light irradiation and dark storage.
  • Raman line mapping analyzed spatially resolved DC across the enamel-resin interface after etching and light curing.

Main Results:

  • Adhesives with TPO and 4E (TPO+4E) reached ~100% DC, surpassing TPO-only counterparts, irrespective of HAp levels or prior light exposure.
  • TPO-only adhesives showed a DC drop from ~80% in resin to ~50% in enamel.
  • TPO+4E adhesives maintained a consistent ~80% DC across the entire enamel-resin interface.

Conclusions:

  • The novel self-cure system effectively salvages incomplete light polymerization in dental adhesives.
  • Hydroxyapatite (HAp) released from dental enamel during etching can sufficiently trigger this self-cure mechanism.
  • This self-cure capability enhances adhesive performance at the critical enamel-resin interface.