Road Accident Prevention with Instant Emergency Warning Message Dissemination in Vehicular Ad-Hoc Network

Area of Science:

• Intelligent Transportation Systems
• Network Engineering
• Road Safety

Background:

• Vehicular Ad-hoc Networks (VANETs) are crucial for real-time traffic management.
• Highway road accidents result in significant fatalities and injuries.
• Existing accident prevention systems often lack efficient warning dissemination.

Purpose of the Study:

• To propose a novel Road Accident Prevention (RAP) scheme for VANETs.
• To enhance highway safety by predicting and preventing accidents.
• To reduce death and injury rates through timely emergency warnings.

Main Methods:

• The RAP scheme utilizes a Vehicular Backbone Network (VBN) structure.
• Road Side Units (RSUs) generate Prediction Reports (PRs) and Emergency Warning Messages (EWMs).
• EWMs are disseminated to vehicles with high Risk Factors (RF) in High Risk Zones (HRZ) via VBN.

Main Results:

• The RAP scheme improves EWM dissemination, increasing notification by 19% and decreasing end-to-end delay by 14.38% at 160 vehicles.
• The VBN structure reduces the required number of RSUs, lowering infrastructure costs.
• Simulation experiments show promising performance on 4-lane highways.

Conclusions:

• The proposed RAP scheme effectively prevents highway accidents in VANETs.
• The VBN structure enhances the efficiency and cost-effectiveness of accident prevention systems.
• This approach offers a significant improvement in road safety and traffic management.