The Danish Cardiovascular Screening Trial (DANCAVAS): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

Area of Science:

• Gerontology and Public Health
• Cardiovascular Disease Prevention
• Medical Screening Technologies

Background:

• Aging populations face increased risks of cardiovascular diseases and cancer.
• Routine general practitioner check-ups are insufficient for early cardiovascular disease detection.
• Advanced screening methods are needed to manage age-related health challenges.

Purpose of the Study:

• To determine if advanced cardiovascular screening prevents mortality and adverse cardiovascular events.
• To evaluate the cost-effectiveness of a comprehensive cardiovascular screening program.
• To assess the impact of screening on the health of aging male populations.

Main Methods:

• A population-based randomized controlled trial involving 45,000 Danish men aged 65-74.
• Screening included low-dose CT scans for coronary artery calcification and aneurysms, ankle-brachial index, heart rhythm monitoring, and blood tests.
• Participants were randomized, with one-third invited for screening and the remainder serving as a control group.

Main Results:

• The study anticipates a 5% reduction in overall mortality (HR=0.95).
• Registry-based follow-up will assess all-cause mortality and costs at 3, 5, and 10 years.
• Expected enrollment is 2 years, with a 10-year follow-up and 70% screening attendance.

Conclusions:

• Advanced screening using CT scans and ABI measurements can be part of a multifocal program for cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevention in older men.
• The health benefits and cost-effectiveness of this screening approach require evaluation.
• Participant attendance and adherence to preventive actions are critical for the program's success.